The free margins of skin remaining at the septal bone of the flap are folded inward to line the new nostrils. Catgut sutures are used to keep these folds in position. The nose is now ready to be sutured into place. The subseptum is inserted first and fixed into the upper lip, then the nose being held so that its median line occupies the proper position, both wings are sutured to the freshened margins, and lastly the sides (see Fig. 393). [Illustration: FIG. 393.—PLACING OF FRONTAL FLAP.] The frontal wound may be drawn together as near as possible by suture. Rubber drainage-tubes are kept in the nares for a few days, and are thereafter replaced by rolls of gauze. Dry dressings are preferred for the nasal wounds, which heal in about five days. A month after, Thiersch grafts are employed to cover the frontal wound remaining. They require about eight days to heal into place. PARTIAL RHINOPLASTY RESTORATION OF BASE OF NOSE In this defect there may be a loss of the lobule and both alæ, including the subseptum, or there may be a lateral loss, involving more or less of the base. There are many types of this deformity, so that to include all would involve considerable space, and at best most of the operations involved would be those utilizing the methods heretofore mentioned. The earlier operations for the correction of lesions of large extent are founded upon the use of skin flaps, which have been shown to be unsatisfactory because of their consequent cicatrization. Reference is made, however, to several of these to exhibit the disposition of the remaining parts of the old nose. Later will be considered the methods involving osteo-cartilaginous supports. =Steinhausen Method.=—The inferior remains of the old nose are detached from the margins and brought downward; a Hindu flap is fashioned as shown in Fig. 394, and brought down to form the new nose; the size of the flap is given as being four inches wide and eight inches long. The distal end of the flap is sutured to the freed flaps obtained from the borders, as shown in Fig. 395. The method is purely of the Hindu type, and the results are not, therefore, very satisfactory. [Illustration: FIG. 394. FIG. 395. STEINHAUSEN METHOD.] =Neumann Method.=—This author cuts down the remains of both lower margins of the old nose, as in the Steinhausen operation. A wedge-shaped section is cut from the entire thickness of the upper lid and turned upward to form the subseptum, and is sutured to the lateral parts brought down by the former incisions, to which it is sutured at the median line, as shown in Fig. 396.