And I shall try first of all to persuade the rulers themselves
and our soldiers, and afterwards the rest of the community, as
to the matter of the rearing and the education we gave them,
that in fact it did but seem to happen with them, they seemed
to experience all that, only as in dreams. They were then in
very truth nourished and fashioned beneath the earth within,
and the armour upon them and their equipment put together; and
when they were perfectly wrought out the earth even their mother
put them forth. Now, therefore, it is their duty to think
concerning the land in which they are as of a mother, or
foster-mother, and to protect it if any foe come against it,
and to think of their fellow-citizens as being their brothers,
born of the earth as they. All ye in the city, therefore, are
brothers, we shall say to them proceeding with our story; but
God, when he made you, mixed gold in the generation of those
among you fit to be our kings, for which cause they are the
most precious of all; and silver in those fit to be our guards;
and in the husbandmen and all other handicraftsmen iron and
brass. Forasmuch then as ye are all of one kindred, for the
most part ye would beget offspring like to yourselves; but at
times a silver child will come of one golden, and from the
silver a child of gold, and so forth, interchangeably. To
those who rule, then, first and above all God enjoins that of
nothing shall they be so careful guardians, nothing shall they
so earnestly regard, as the young children--what metal has
been mixed to their hands in the souls of these. And if a
child of their own be born with an alloy of iron or brass, they
shall by no means have pity upon it, but, allotting unto it the
value which befits its nature, they shall thrust it into the
class of husbandmen or artisans. And if, again, of these a
child be born with gold or silver in him, with due estimate
they shall promote such to wardenship or to arms, inasmuch as
an oracular saying declares that the city is perished already
when it has iron or brass to guard it. Can you suggest a way
of getting them to believe this mythus? Republic, 414.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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