Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
33. This will be apparent, if any one shall examine every one of the
parts, and see what is the subject of their several contemplations. For
harmony takes cognizance of intervals, systems, classes of harmonious
sounds, notes, tones, and systematical transmutations. Farther than
this it goes not. And therefore it would be in vain to enquire of
harmony, whether the poet have rightly and (so to speak) musically
chosen the Dorian for the beginning, the mixed Lydian and Dorian for
the end, or the Hypophrygian and Phrygian for the middle. For the
industry of harmony reaches not to these, and it is defective in many
other things, as not understanding the force and extent of elegant
aptness and proper concinnity. Neither did ever the chromatic or
enharmonic species arrive to such force of aptitude as to discover
the nature and genius of the poem; for that is the work of the poet.
It is as plain, that the sound of the system is different from the
sound of the descant sung in the same system; which, however, does not
belong to the consideration of harmonical studies. There is the same
to be said concerning rhythms, for no rhythm can claim to itself the
force of perfect aptitude. For we call a thing apt and proper when
we consider the nature of it. The reason of this, we say, is either
a certain plain and mixed composure, or both; like the enharmonic
species of Olympus, by him set in the Phrygian mood and mixed with
the paeon epibatos, which rendered the beginning of the key naturally
elegant in what is called the nome of Minerva. For having made choice
of his key and measure, he only changed the paeon epibatos for the
trochee, which produced his enharmonic species. However, the enharmonic
species and Phrygian tone remaining together with the whole system,
the elegancy of the character was greatly altered. For that which was
called harmony in the nome of Minerva was quite another thing from that
in the introduction. He then that has both judgment as well as skill
is to be accounted the most accurate musician. For he that understands
the Dorian mood, not being able withal to discern by his judgment what
is proper to it and when it is fit to be made use of, shall never know
what he does; nay, he shall quite mistake the nature and custom of the
key. Indeed it is much questioned among the Dorians themselves, whether
the enharmonic composers be competent judges of the Dorian songs. The
same is to be said concerning the knowledge of rhythm. For he that
understands a paeon may not understand the proper use of it, though
he know the measure of which it consists. Because it is much doubted
among those that make use of paeons, whether the bare knowledge make a
man capable to determine concerning the proper use of those rhythms;
or, as others say, whether it aspire to presume so far. Therefore it
behooves that person to have two sorts of knowledge, who will undertake
to judge of what is proper and what improper; first, of the custom
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