When Pausanias the king of Sparta was frequently bragging of his performances, and bidding Simonides the lyric poet in raillery to give him some wise precept, he, knowing the vain-glory of him that spoke, admonished him to remember that he was a man. Philip the king of Macedon, when he had received three despatches of good news at the same time, of which the first was that his chariots had won the victory in the Olympic games, the second, that his general Parmenio had overcome the Dardanians in fight, and the third, that his wife Olympias had brought him forth an heir,—lifting up his eyes to heaven, he passionately cried out, Propitious Daemon! let the affliction be moderate by which thou intendest to be even with me for this complicated happiness. Theramenes, one of the thirty tyrants of Athens, when he alone was preserved from the ruins of a house that fell upon the rest of his friends as they were sitting at supper, and all came about him to congratulate him on his escape,—broke out in an emphatical accent, Fortune! for what calamity dost thou reserve me? And not long after, by the command of his fellow-tyrants, he was tormented to death. 7. But Homer seems to indicate a particular praise to himself, when he brings in Achilles speaking thus to Priam, who was come forth to ransom the body of Hector:— Rise then; let reason mitigate our care: To mourn avails not: man is born to bear. Such is, alas! the Gods’ severe decree: They, only they, are blest, and only free. Two urns by Jove’s high throne have ever stood, The source of evil one, and one of good; From thence the cup of mortal man he fills, Blessings to these, to these distributes ills; To most he mingles both; the wretch decreed To taste the bad unmix’d is cursed indeed; Pursued by wrongs, by meagre famine driven, He wanders, outcast both of earth and heaven.[148] Hesiod, who was the next to Homer both in respect of time and reputation, and who professed to be a disciple of the Muses, fancied that all evils were shut up in a box, and that Pandora opening it scattered all sorts of mischiefs through both the earth and seas:— The cover of the box she did remove, And to fly out the crowding mischief strove; But slender hope upon the brims did stay, Ready to vanish into air away; She with retrieve the haggard in did put, And on the prisoner close the box did shut; But plagues innumerable abroad did fly, Infecting all the earth, the seas, and sky. Diseases now with silent feet do creep, Torment us waking, and afflict our sleep. These midnight evils steal without a noise, For Jupiter deprived them of their voice.[149] 8. After these the comedian, talking of those who bear afflictions uneasily, speaks consonantly to this purpose:—