Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
Wherefore, when we go to the houses of drunkards, we may hear a wench
playing the flute betimes in the morning, and behold there, as one
said, the muddy dregs of wine, and scattered fragments of garlands,
and servants drunk at the door; and the marks of angry and surly
men may be read in the faces, brands, and fetters of the servants.
“But lamentation is the only bard that is always to be heard beneath
the roof” of the angry man, while his stewards are beaten and his
maid-servants tormented; so that the spectators, in the midst of their
mirth and delight, cannot but pity those sad effects of anger.
16. And even those who, out of a real hatred of wickedness, often
happen to be surprised with anger, can abate the excess and vehemence
of it so soon as they give up their excessive confidence in those with
whom they converse. For of all causes this doth most increase anger
when one proves to be wicked whom we took for a good man, or when one
who we thought had loved us falls into some difference and chiding with
us.
As for my own disposition, thou knowest very well with how strong
inclinations it is carried to show kindness to men and to confide
in them; and therefore, like those who miss their step and tread on
nothing, when I most of all trust to men’s love and, as it were, prop
myself up with it, I do then most of all miscarry, and, finding myself
disappointed, am troubled at it. And indeed I should never succeed
in freeing myself from this too great eagerness and forwardness in
my love; but against excessive confidence perhaps I can make use of
Plato’s caution for a bridle. For he said that he so commended Helicon,
the mathematician, because he thought him a naturally versatile animal;
but that he had a jealousy of those who had been well educated in
the city, lest, being men and the offspring of men, they should in
something or other discover the infirmity of their nature. But when
Sophocles says, If you search the deeds of mortals, you will find the
most are base, he seems to insult and disparage us over much. Still
even such a harsh and censorious judgment as this may make us more
moderate in our anger; for it is the sudden and the unexpected which do
most drive us to frenzy. But we ought, as Panaetius somewhere said, to
imitate Anaxagoras; and as he said upon the death of his son, I knew
before that I had begotten but a mortal, so should every one of us use
expressions like these of those offences which stir up to anger: I
knew, when I bought my servant, that I was not buying a philosopher; I
knew that I did not get a friend that had no passions; I knew that I
had a wife that was but a woman. But if every one would always repeat
the question of Plato to himself, But am not I perhaps such a one
myself? and turn his reason from abroad to look into himself, and put
restraint upon his reprehension of others, he would not make so much
use of his hatred of evil in reproving other men, seeing himself to
stand in need of great indulgence.
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