Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
_Solution._ Was it that this was one of the wise institutions of
King Numa, that they might learn not to esteem these things irksome
nor fly from them as a defilement? Or rather is it to put us in
mind that whatever is born must die, there being one Goddess that
presides over them that are born and those that die? And at Delphi
there is the statue of Venus Epitymbia (on a tomb), to which at their
drink-offerings they call forth the ghosts of the deceased.
_Question 24._ Why have they three beginnings and appointed
periods in the months which have not the same interval of days between?
_Solution._ What if it be this (as Juba writes), that on the
Kalends the magistrates called (καλεῖν) the people, and proclaimed
the Nones for the fifth, while the Ides they esteemed an holy day? Or
rather that they who define time by the variations of the moon have
observed that the moon comes under three greatest variations monthly;
the first is when it is obscured, making a conjunction with the sun;
the second is when it gets out of the rays of the sun and makes her
first appearance after the sun is down; the third is at her fulness,
when it is full moon. They call her disappearance and obscurity the
Kalends, for every thing hid and privy they call _clam_, and
_celare_ is to hide. The first appearance they call the Nones, by
a most fit notation of names, it being the new moon (novilunium); for
they call it new moon as we do. Ides are so called either by reason
of the fairness and clear form (εἶδος) of the moon standing forth in
her complete splendor, or from the name of Jupiter (Διός). But in this
matter we are not to search for the exact number of days, nor to abuse
this approximate mode of reckoning; seeing that even at this day, when
the science of astronomy has made so great increase, the inequality
of the motion and course of the moon surpasseth all experience of
mathematicians and cannot be reduced to any certain rule of reason.
_Question 25._ Why do they determine that the days after the
Kalends, Nones, and Ides are unfit to travel or go a long journey in?
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