Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
2. The objections which they bring from the two kinds of discourse, one
of which is mental, the other expressed in words or interpretative of
the former, are so stale and pedantical, that they are best answered by
laughter or silence; and we merely quote the old saying, “I knew this
before Theognis was born.” However, thus much shall be said, that the
end of them both is friendship,—in the first case with ourselves, in
the second case with another. For he that hath attained to virtue by
the methods of philosophy hath his mind all in tune and good temper;
he is not struck with those reproaches of conscience, which cause the
acutest sense of pain and are the natural punishments of our follies;
but he enjoys (the great prerogative of a good man) to be always easy
and in amity with himself.
No factious lusts reason’s just power control,
Nor kindle civil discord in his soul.
His passion does not stand in defiance to his reason, nor do his
reasonings cross and thwart one the other, but he is always consistent
with himself. But the very joys of wicked men are tumultuary and
confused, like those who dwell in the borders of two great empires at
variance, always insecure, and in perpetual alarms; whilst a good man
enjoys an uninterrupted peace and serenity of mind, which excels the
other not only in duration, but in sense of pleasure too. As for the
other sort of discourse, that which consists in expression of itself
to others, Pindar says very well, that it was not mercenary in old
time, nor indeed is it so now; but by the baseness and ambition of a
few it is made use of to serve their poor secular interests. For if
the poets represent Venus herself as much offended with those who make
a trade and traffic of the passion of love, how much more reasonably
may we suppose that Urania and Clio and Calliope have an indignation
against those who set learning and philosophy to sale? Certainly the
gifts and endowments of the Muses ought to be privileged from such mean
considerations.
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