Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
endeavors to retrieve the ancient custom will likewise recover thrift
and almost lost frugality again. But, you object, where only property
is, community is lost. True indeed, where equality is not; for not
the possession of what is proper and our own, but the taking away of
another’s and coveting that which is common, is the cause of all injury
and contention; and the laws, restraining and confining these within
the bounds of propriety, receive their name from their office, being
a power distributing equality to every[*P1: no hyphen in image|P3 not
needed see next line] one in order to the common good. Thus every
one is not to be honored by the entertainer with the garland or the
chiefest place; but if any one brings with him his sweet-heart or a
minstrel-wench, they must be common to him and his friends, that all
things may be huddled together in one mass, as Anaxagoras would have
it. Now if propriety in these things doth not in the least hinder but
that things of greater moment, and the only considerable, as discourse
and civility, may be still common, let us leave off disgracing
distributions or the lot, the son of Fortune (as Euripides hath it),
which hath no respect either to riches or honor, but which in its
inconsiderate wheel now and then raiseth up the humble and the poor,
and makes him master of himself, and, by accustoming the great and rich
to endure and not be offended at equality, pleasingly instructs.
BOOK III.
Simonides the poet, my Sossius Senecio, seeing one of the company sit
silent and discourse nobody, said: Sir, if you are a fool, it is wisely
done; if a wise man, very foolishly. It is good to conceal a man’s
folly, but (as Heraclitus says) it is very hard to do it over a glass
of wine,
Which doth the gravest men to mirth advance,
And let them loose to sing, to laugh, and dance,
And speak what had been better left unsaid.[73]
In which lines the poet in my mind shows the difference between being
a little heated and downright drunk; for to sing, laugh, and dance may
agree very well with those that have gone no farther than a merry cup;
but to prattle, and speak what had been better left unsaid, argues a
man to be quite gone. Therefore Plato thinks that wine is the most
ingenious discoverer of men’s humors; and Homer, when he says,
At feasts they had not known each other’s minds,[74]
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