Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
1. Florus, who loved the ancient customs, would not let the table be
removed quite empty, but always left some meat upon it; declaring
likewise that his father and grandfather were not only curious in this
matter, but would never suffer the lamp after supper to be put out,—a
thing about which the ancient Romans were very precise,—while those
of the present day extinguish it immediately after supper, that they
may lose no oil. Eustrophus the Athenian being present said: What
could they get by that, unless they knew the cunning trick of our
Polycharmus, who, after long deliberation how to find out a way to
prevent the servants’ stealing of the oil, at last with a great deal of
difficulty happened upon this: As soon as you have put out the lamp,
fill it up, and the next morning look carefully whether it remains
full. Then Florus with a smile replied: Well, since we are agreed about
that, let us enquire for what reason the ancients were so careful about
their tables and their lamps.
2. First, about the lamps. And his son-in-law Caesernius was of opinion
that the ancients abominated all extinction of fire, because of the
relation it had to the sacred and eternal flame. Fire, like man, may
be destroyed two ways, either when it is violently quenched, or when
it naturally decays. The sacred fire was secured against both ways,
being always watched and continually supplied; but the common fire they
permitted to go out of itself, not forcing or violently extinguishing
it, but not supplying it with nourishment, like a useless beast, that
they might not feed it to no purpose.
3. Lucius, Florus’s son, subjoined, that all the rest of the discourse
was very good, but that they did not reverence and take care of this
holy fire because they thought it better or more venerable than other
fire; but, as amongst the Egyptians some worship the whole species of
dogs, wolves, or crocodiles, yet keep but one wolf, dog, or crocodile
(for all could not be kept), so the particular care which the ancients
took of the sacred fire was only a sign of the respect they had for
all fires. For nothing bears such a resemblance to an animal as fire.
It is moved and nourished by itself, and by its brightness, like the
soul, discovers and makes every thing apparent; but in its quenching
it principally shows some power that seems to proceed from our vital
principle, for it makes a noise and resists, like an animal dying or
violently slaughtered. And can you (looking upon me) offer any better
reason?
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