Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 5 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 5 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
GRYLLUS. Hold, Mr. Ulysses, not a word more of this, I beseech your
worship. For we all contemn thee, as one that none but fools call
cunning, and as vainly vauntest thyself to be wiser than other men, and
yet art afraid of being changed from worse to better; like children
that are frightened at physician’s doses and hate going to school,
although the medicines and the precepts make them healthy and learned
of diseased and fools; just so thou refusest to be transformed out of
one thing into another. And now thy bones rattle in thy skin for dread
of living with Circe, lest she should transform thee into a hog or a
wolf; and thou wouldst persuade us living in plenty of all enjoyments
not only to forsake these blessings, but to abandon her that has so
well provided for us, to sail along with thee, and to become men again,
the most miserable of all creatures.
ULYSSES. In my opinion, Gryllus, this same wicked cup has not only
deprived thee of thy shape, but of thy sense and reason too; or else
thou art got drunk with those opinions which are everywhere exploded
as nasty and villanous, unless some voluptuous pleasure of custom and
habit has bewitched thee to this body.
GRYLLUS. Neither of these, O king of the Cephallenians. But if thou
art come hither to dispute, and not to rail and swagger, we shall soon
convince thee, having experience of both manners of living, that our
way is to be preferred before that which thou so much applaudest.
ULYSSES. Nay, then go on; I’ll listen with both ears to hear this
paradox discussed.
3. GRYLLUS. Have at ye then, sir. But it behooves us to begin first
with those virtues which you so presumptuously assume to yourselves,
and for which you so highly advance yourselves before the beasts, such
as justice, prudence, fortitude, &c. Now answer me, thou the wisest
among mortals; for I have heard thee telling a story to Circe of the
territory of the Cyclops, that being neither ploughed nor planted by
any person, it is so fertile and generously productive, that it bears
all sorts of fruits and herbs spontaneously. Now which do you prefer,
this country, or your own goat-feeding stony Ithaca, which being
cultivated with great labor and hardship, yet answers the expectations
of the husbandmen with only a mean and scanty return? Now take it not
amiss that I forewarn ye lest your love to your country sway ye to give
an answer contrary to truth.
ULYSSES. No, no, I will not lie for the matter; I must confess I love
and honor my own country more; but I applaud and admire theirs far
beyond it.
GRYLLUS. Hence we must conclude that it is so as the wisest of men has
affirmed; that there are some things to be praised and approved, others
to be preferred by choice and affection. And I suppose you believe the
same concerning the soul. For the same reasons hold in reference to
the soul as to the ground; that such a soul should be the best, that
produces virtue like spontaneous fruit, without labor and toil.
ULYSSES. Grant all this.
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