[Footnote 73: So Xenophon (_Cyropædia_, i. 3. 2) represents King Astyages. The king also wore a wig or false locks.] [Footnote 74: The peculiarity of the Parthian warfare made a lasting impression on the Romans; and it is often alluded to by the Latin writers:-- Fidentemque fuga Parthum versisque sagittis. Virgil, _Georgic_ iii. 31. ] [Footnote 75: In reading the chapter, it must be remembered that Publius is young Crassus. If there is any apparent confusion between the father and son, it will be removed by reading carefully. I have chosen to translate Plutarch, not to mend him.] [Footnote 76: The reading of this passage in Appian (_Parthica_, c. 29) is [Greek: telmasin entuchontes] τέλμασιν ἐντυχόντες, which Sintenis has adopted. The common reading is [Greek: suntagmasin entuchontes] συντάγμασιν ἐντυχόντες, which various critics variously explain.] [Footnote 77: In the old Latin translation of Guarini, the name Cn. Plancus occurs in place of Megabacchus. Kaltwasser conjectures that Megabacchus was a Greek, but the context implies that he was a Roman. Orelli (_Onomastic._ C. Megaboccus) takes him to be the person mentioned by Cicero (_Ad Attic._ ii. 7), which Gronovius had already observed, and again by Cicero, _Pro Scauro_, c. 2.] [Footnote 78: Censorinus was a cognomen of the Marcia Gens, and several of the name are mentioned in the history of Rome; but this Censorinus does not appear to be otherwise known.] [Footnote 79: Carrhæ was a Mesopotamian town, south of Orfa or Edessa, and about 37° N. lat. It is supposed to be the Haran of Genesis (xi. 31).] [Footnote 80: Ichnæ was a town on the Bilecha, south of Carrhæ. Dion Cassias (40. c. 12) calls it Ichniæ, and adds that Crassus before taking Nikephorium had been defeated by Talymenus Eilakes. Eilakes is probably a blunder in the copies of Dion; and it is conjectured that he is the Sillakes mentioned by Plutarch (c. 21), Appian, and Orosius (vi. 3).] [Footnote 81: The death of young Crassus, and the subsequent misfortunes of the Romans, are described by Dion Cassius, 40. c. 21, &c.] [Footnote 82: Or Egnatius. He is called Gnatius by Appian.] [Footnote 83: Cassius escaped to Syria, which he successfully defended against the invading Parthians, who lost their commander, Osakes. (Dion Cassius. 40. c. 28, 29; Cicero, _Ad Attic._ v. 20; Orosius, vi. 13.) Cicero was proconsul of Cilicia during the Parthian invasion of Syria B.C. 51.] [Footnote 84: Sinnaca is mentioned by Strabo p. 747, but he says nothing which enables us to fix its position. If Plutarch's narrative is correct; it was not far from Carrhæ; and Carrhæ was considered by the Romans to be the scene of the death of Crassus, probably because it was the nearest known place to the spot where he fell.] [Footnote 85: 'The river' is the Euphrates.]