northern Greece; there, after much wandering, they finally took refuge
with AEgimius, king of the Dorians, who appears to have been the fastest
friend of their house, and whose Dorian warriors formed the army which
at last achieved their return. But, for a hundred years from the date of
their first attempt, the Heracleidae were defeated in their successive
invasions of Peloponnesus. Cleolaus and Aristomachus, the son and
grandson of Hyllus, fell in unsuccessful expeditions. At length the sons
of Aristomachus, Temenus, Cresphontes, and Aristodemus, when grown up,
repaired to Delphi and taxed the oracle with the non-fulfilment of the
promise made to their ancestor Hyllus. But Apollo replied that his
oracle had been misunderstood; for that by the _third harvest_ he had
meant the third generation, and by the _narrow passage_ he had meant the
straits of the Corinthian Gulf. After this explanation the sons of
Aristomachus built a fleet at Naupactus; and finally, in the hundredth
year from the death of Hyllus and the eightieth from the fall of Troy,
the invasion was again attempted and was this time successful. The son
of Orestes, Tisamenus, who ruled both Argos and Lacedaemon, fell in
battle; many of his vanquished subjects left their homes and took refuge
in Achaia.
The spoil was now to be divided among the conquerors. Aristodemus, the
youngest of the sons of Aristomachus, did not survive to enjoy his
share. He was slain at Delphi by the sons of Pylades and Electra, the
kinsman, through their mother, of the house of Agamemnon, that house
which the Heracleidae with their Dorian army had dispossessed. The claims
of Aristodemus descended to his two sons, Procles and Eurysthenes,
children under the guardianship of their maternal uncle, Theras.
Temenus, the eldest of the sons of Aristomachus, took the kingdom of
Argos. For the two remaining kingdoms, that of Sparta and that of
Messenia, his two nephews, who were to rule jointly, and their uncle
Cresphontes, had to cast lots. Cresphontes wished to have the fertile
Messenia, and induced his brother to acquiesce in a trick which secured
it to him. The lot of Cresphontes and that of his two nephews were to be
placed in a water-jar, and thrown out. Messenia was to belong to him
whose lot came out first. With the connivance of Temenus, Cresphontes
marked as his own lot a pellet composed of baked clay, as the lot of his
nephews, a pellet of unbaked clay; the unbaked pellet was of course
dissolved in the water, while the brick pellet fell out alone. Messenia,
therefore, was assigned to Cresphontes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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