Pollux[34] then proceeds to describe the _Heliastic_ courts, which were five or six in number. Pausanias[35] mentions four of these courts, namely: (1) The Crush; (2) The Triangle; (3) The Froggy and (4) The Scarlet. From this description of them we may infer that these courts were always distinguished in procedure if not in personnel from the famous Ephetae courts. One of these Heliastic courts which Pollux mentions is the court of the ‘Eleven’ Gaol-Commissioners. These officials had summary jurisdiction in certain cases. Aristotle[36] mentions the cases of ‘thieves, kidnappers and highway robbers’ who confessed their guilt. Demosthenes[37] refers to a prison court in which an accused but unconvicted murderer who was found frequenting temples or public places could be summarily tried and put to death. We shall discuss this court more fully presently. It seems to us to be properly described as a special kind of Heliastic court: for the Eleven were appointed, like the ordinary Heliasts, by lot.[38] Whether the Heliastic jurors in the fourth century were compelled to occupy separate places of jurisdiction from the Ephetae or whether they also sat in the actual Ephetae courts is a difficult question to decide. One thing at least is certain, as Lipsius points out.[39] The mode of procedure in the old courts remained peculiar and distinct. When therefore Antiphon[40] makes a pleader, in a homicide charge, object that ‘here there is no open-air trial, no customary giving and taking of oaths,’ we know that the trial is by Heliastic jurors in a Heliastic court. No mere change of personnel from that of the Ephetae or nobles to that of democratic jurors was so drastic as the legal sanction of an alternative procedure which entirely lacked the religious traditional prestige of the older Ephetae courts. Aristotle’s account[41] of the five great homicide courts is very similar to that of Pollux: (1) _The Areopagus_: Homicide with malice aforethought (_i.e._ wilful murder) is tried in the Areopagus, wounding with intent to kill,[42] poisoning with intent to kill, and arson: these are the only indictments tried by the Areopagus. (2) _The Palladium_: Involuntary homicide, attempts to commit homicide (βούλευσις), and the homicide of a slave, or a foreigner domiciled or undomiciled, are tried in the Palladium. (3) _The Delphinium_: Homicide avowed and alleged to be lawful, as of a surprised adulterer, or in war of a friend mistaken for an enemy, or of an antagonist in an athletic contest, is tried in the Delphinium. (4) _The Prytaneum_: the King-Archon and the Tribe-Kings judge indictments of inanimate objects and of animals. (5) _Phreatto_: If an exile for involuntary homicide has not yet obtained permission from the relatives of the deceased to return, and is charged with another homicide or with wounding, he is tried at Phreatto. He pleads from the deck of a vessel brought to land.