Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and ExpertsBlyth, Alexander Wynter
Science
Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and Experts
Blyth, Alexander Wynter
Poisons
=Old Process.=--(1.) Body of a hound--age, 2 years; weight, 5180 grms.;
dose administered, 57 mgrms. HCN; death in fifteen minutes. After five
days there was found in the saliva 0·6 mgrm., stomach 3·2 mgrms., in the
rest of the intestines 2·6 mgrms., in the muscles 4·1--total, 10·5.
(2.) Weight of body, 4000 grms.; dose given, 38 mgrms.; death in eleven
minutes. After fifteen days, in the saliva 0·8, in the stomach 7·2, in
the rest of the intestines 2·2, in the muscles 3·2--total, 13·4.
=New Process.=--Weight of body, 5700 grams; dose, 57 mgrms.; death in
twenty-four minutes. After fifteen days, in the saliva 1·1 mgrm., in the
stomach 2·6, in the rest of the intestines 9·6, in the muscles 31·9, and
in the whole, 45·2 mgrms. Duration of process, thirteen hours.
From a second hound, weighing 6800 grms.; dose, 67 mgrms.; 25·1 mgrms.
were separated three days after death.
From a third hound, weighing 5920 grms.; dose, 98 mgrms.; after forty
days, by distillation on a sand-bath, there were separated 2·8 mgrms.
from the saliva, 4·8 from the stomach, 16·8 from the intestines, 23·6
from the muscles--total, 48 mgrms.
It would also appear that he has separated 51·2 mgrms. of anhydrous acid
from the corpse of a dog which had been poisoned by 57 mgrms. of acid,
and buried sixty days.[257]
[257] Without wishing to discredit the statements of M. Sokoloff, we may
point out that a loss of half-a-dozen mgrms. only appears rather
extraordinary.
From another canine corpse, three days laid in an oven, and left for
twenty-seven days at the ordinary temperature, 5·1 mgrms. were recovered
out of a fatal dose of 38 mgrms.
The estimation was in each case performed by titrating the distillate
with argentic nitrate, the sulphur compounds having been previously got
rid of by saturating the distillate with KHO, and precipitating by lead
acetate.
Venturoli[258] has, on the contrary, got good quantitative results
without distillation at all. A current of pure hydrogen gas is passed
through the liquid to be tested and the gas finally made to bubble
through silver nitrate. He states that the whole of the hydric cyanide
present is carried over in an hour. Metallic cyanides must be decomposed
by sulphuric acid or tartaric acid. Mercury cyanide must be decomposed
with SH₂, the solution acidified with tartaric acid, neutralised with
freshly precipitated calcic carbonate to fix any ferro- or
ferri-cyanides present, and hydrogen passed in and the issuing gases led
first through a solution of bismuth nitrate to remove SH₂ and then into
the silver solution.
[258] L’Orosi. xv. 85-88.
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