Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and ExpertsBlyth, Alexander Wynter
Science
Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and Experts
Blyth, Alexander Wynter
Poisons
The following interesting case came under the observation of Professor
Magnus Huss:--A man, thirty-nine years old, married, was admitted into
the Seraphin-Lazareth, Stockholm, on the 2nd of February 1842. He had
been occupied three years in the manufacture of phosphorus matches, and
inhabited the room in which the materials were preserved. He had always
been well-conducted in every way, and in good health, until a year
previously, when a large quantity of the material for the manufacture of
the matches accidentally caught fire and exploded. In his endeavours to
extinguish the flames, he breathed a large quantity of the vapour, and
he fell for a time unconscious. The spine afterwards became so weak that
he could not hold himself up, and he lost, in a great measure, power
over his legs and arms. On admission, his condition was as follows:--He
could make a few uncertain and staggering steps, his knees trembled, his
arms shook, and if he attempted to grasp anything when he lay in bed,
there were involuntary twitchings of groups of muscles. There was no
pain; the sensibility of the skin was unchanged; he had formication in
the left arm; the spine was neither sensitive to pressure, nor unusually
sensitive to heat (as, _e.g._, to the application of a hot sponge); the
organs of special sense were not affected, but his speech was somewhat
thick. He lived to 1845 in the same condition, but the paralysis became
worse. There does not seem to have been any autopsy.
The effects of phosphorus vapour may be still further elucidated by one
of Eulenberg’s[290] experiments on a rabbit. The vapour of burning
phosphorus, mixed with much air, was admitted into a wooden hutch in
which a strong rabbit sat. After 5 mgrms. of phosphorus had been in this
manner consumed, the only symptoms in half an hour were salivation, and
quickened and somewhat laboured respiration. After twenty-four hours had
elapsed there was sudden indisposition, the animal fell as if lifeless,
with the hind extremities stretched out, and intestinal movements were
visible; there was also expulsion of the urine. These epileptiform
seizures seem to have continued more or less for twelve days, and then
ceased. After fourteen days the experiment was repeated on the same
rabbit. The animal remained exposed to the vapour for three-quarters of
an hour, when the epilepsy showed itself as before, and, indeed, almost
regularly after feeding. Between the attacks the respiration was slowed.
Eight weeks afterwards there was an intense icterus, which disappeared
at the end of ten weeks.
[290] _Gewerbe Hygiene_, p. 255.
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