Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and ExpertsBlyth, Alexander Wynter
Science
Poisons, Their Effects and Detection: A Manual for the Use of Analytical Chemists and Experts
Blyth, Alexander Wynter
Poisons
The substances are placed in a porcelain dish and diluted with a
sufficient quantity of water to form a thin soup and 20 to 30 c.c.
of pure hydrochloric acid added; the dish is placed on the
water-bath and 2 grms. of potassic chlorate added. The contents are
stirred from time to time, and successive quantities of potassic
chlorate are again added, until the contents are coloured yellow.
The heating is continued, with, if necessary, the addition of more
acid, until all smell of chlorine has ceased. If there is
considerable excess of acid, this is to be evaporated away by
diluting with a little water and continuing to heat on the
water-bath. The dish with its contents is cooled, a little water
added, and the fluid is then filtered.
The metals remaining on the filter are:--
Silver chloride,
Lead sulphate,
Barium sulphate;
in the filtrate will be all the other metals.
The filtrate is put in a flask and heated to from 60 to 80 degrees
and submitted to a slow stream of hydric sulphide gas; when the
fluid is saturated with the gas, the flask is securely corked and
allowed to rest for twelve hours; at the end of that time the fluid
is filtered and the filter washed with water saturated with hydric
sulphide.
The still moist sulphides remaining on the filter are treated with
yellow ammonium sulphide containing some free ammonia and washed
with sulphide of ammonium water. Now remaining on the filter, if
present at all, will be:--
Mercury sulphide,
Lead sulphide,
Copper sulphide,
Cadmium sulphide;
in the filtrate may be:--
Arsenic sulphide,
Antimony sulphide,
Tin sulphide,
and there may also be a small portion of copper sulphide, because
the latter is somewhat soluble in a considerable quantity of
ammonium sulphide.
The filtrate from the original hydric sulphide precipitate will
contain, if present, the sulphides of zinc and chromium in solution.
INVESTIGATION OF THE SULPHIDES SOLUBLE IN AMMONIUM SULPHIDE, VIZ.,
ARSENIC, ANTIMONY, TIN.
The ammonium sulphide solution is evaporated to dryness in a
porcelain dish, strong nitric acid added and again dried. To this
residue a little strong caustic soda solution is added, and then it
is intimately mixed with three times its weight of a mixture
composed of 2 of potassic nitrate to 1 of dry sodium hydrate. This
is now cast, bit by bit, into a red-hot porcelain crucible. The
whole is heated until it has melted into a colourless fluid.
Presuming the original mass contained arsenic, antimony, and tin,
the melt contains sodic arseniate, sodic pyro-antimonate, sodic
stannate, and tin oxide; it may also contain a trace of copper
oxide.
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