Popular Official Guide to the New York Zoological Park (September 1915): Thirteenth EditionHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
Popular Official Guide to the New York Zoological Park (September 1915): Thirteenth Edition
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
New York Zoological Park
It is by no means the intention of the Zoological Society, that, because
an axial walk leads through the Elephant House, the building shall be
used _as a thoroughfare_ for foot traffic between the northern and
southern portions of the Park. Such use would surely defeat the main
purpose of the structure. It is intended to be entered _only by persons
who desire to see the animals, and all others must pass around it_, by
one or the other of the two very direct promenades which will be
provided. The employees of the Park are strictly forbidden to consider
the walk through the building as a convenient highway, and visitors are
requested to observe the obvious necessities of this case.
The Indian Elephant, (_Elephas indicus_), is the universal elephant of
captivity, the African species being shown only as a great rarity. For
every elephant that comes from Africa, about thirty come from India, and
of those about twenty-nine are prosy and unromantic females. In order to
secure a male Indian Elephant, it must be specially ordered.
[Illustration: INDIAN ELEPHANT.]
Our first Indian Elephant, a fine male named “Gunda,” was caught wild in
the interior of Assam, northeastern India, and he arrived at the
Zoological Park in May, 1904, as the gift of Col. Oliver H. Payne. He
was then about seven years old. He stood 6 feet 7 inches in shoulder
height, weighed 3,740 pounds, and had all the points of a “high-caste”
elephant. His tusks were then 16 inches long. He is very mischievous
about breaking anything in his quarters that is breakable, and he
manifests special dislike toward certain individuals who come near him.
Like most Indian elephants, “Gunda” is very intelligent. In two days he
was taught to receive pennies, lift the lid of his “bank,” drop the coin
within, and ring his bell.
Since his arrival here, in May, 1904, he has grown in height at the rate
of about 5 inches each year. On November 1, 1910, he stood 8 feet 9
inches in shoulder height, his weight was 8100 pounds, and his tusks
were 36 inches long.
The Sudan African Elephant, (_Elephas oxyotis_, Matschie), is the
largest of the four species of African elephants now recognized. The
other species are the South African Elephant, (_E. capensis_), the
German-East-African Elephant, (_E. knochenhaueri_), and the West African
Elephant, (_E. cyclotis_).
After some years of waiting, and many futile efforts, we have at last
come into possession of a pair of young Sudan Elephants, representing,
so we believe, the great species to which belonged Jumbo, and also the
bearer of the enormous tusks presented to the Zoological Society by Mr.
Charles T. Barney. Like all elephants newly arrived from Africa, they
are young, and small; but if they have good health they will grow very
rapidly, and about A. D. 1927 they should attain full stature,—11 feet
at the shoulders for the male, or thereabouts.
[Illustration: AFRICAN ELEPHANTS.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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