Popular Official Guide to the New York Zoological Park (September 1915): Thirteenth EditionHornaday, William T. (William Temple)
History
Popular Official Guide to the New York Zoological Park (September 1915): Thirteenth Edition
Hornaday, William T. (William Temple)
New York Zoological Park
The Nine-Banded Armadillo, (_Tatu novemcinctum_), of southern Texas and
Arizona, and southward, is the only edentate found in the United States.
Its total length, from nose to tail-tip, is about 26 inches, and it is
about as large as an opossum. Its strangest feature is the horny shell,
with 9 jointed bands in the middle, which Nature has designed for the
animal’s protection. It lives in burrows in the earth, and in a wild
state it feeds on a mixed diet of worms, ants, snails, beetles,
grasshoppers and other insects.
The Six-Banded Armadillo, (_Dasypus sexcinctus_), of South America, has
a much stronger and more bony shell than the preceding species, but very
similar habits. The Three-Banded Armadillo, (_Tolypeutes tricinctus_),
is the most remarkable of all—and also the most difficult to obtain. It
is able to convert itself into a round ball covered at all points by
bony armor, and remarkably well protected from the teeth of predatory
animals.
[Illustration: GREAT ANT-EATER.]
The Great Ant-Eater, (_Myrmecophaga jubata_).—This is a very remarkable
animal, and usually is to be found alive in the Small-Mammal House. Its
anatomical peculiarities are apparent at a glance. Its toothless jaws
are enormously elongated, and taper to a rounded point, where the mouth
opens as a narrow slit, scarcely large enough to admit the large end of
a lead pencil. Its front claws are large and strong, for use in tearing
open ant-hills and decayed logs; and the creature walks upon them as if
club-footed. Its tail is long and thick, and bears a luxuriant brush, of
coarse, wavy hair more than a foot long. The negroes of British Guiana
gravely inform travellers that the Ant-Eater uses his bushy tail as a
broom, with which he sweeps up ants in order to devour them wholesale.
As may be inferred from the total absence of teeth, this strange
creature lives chiefly upon crawling insects. In devouring the dreadful
ants, which in a South American forest often make life a burden, it
helps to preserve the balance of Nature. In captivity the food of this
animal consists of milk, raw eggs and ground meat. In taking its food it
thrusts out from four to eight inches of round, wormlike tongue, which
contrary to many published statements, is not covered with sticky
saliva.
[Illustration: SIX-BANDED ARMADILLO.]
The Tamandua, (_Tamandua tetradactyla_), is a smaller ant-eater than the
preceding species, of tree-climbing habits, with a proportionately
shorter head, no long hair on its tail, and extremely large front claws.
It is found in Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil, and in fact that greater
portion of the region of tropical forests on this continent south of
Mexico. Its tail is prehensile, or grasping, and in climbing is used
almost constantly.
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