Popular Scientific Recreations: in Natural Philosphy, Astronomy, Geology, Chemistry, etc., etc., etc.Tissandier, Gaston
Science
Popular Scientific Recreations: in Natural Philosphy, Astronomy, Geology, Chemistry, etc., etc., etc.
Tissandier, Gaston
Scientific recreations
Photography, as a rule, necessitates a dark room or cabinet, and
many preparations as we all know—a “messing” about with chemicals
and considerable practice before we can become proficient; so it is
not surprising that few amateurs take to it—they prefer to purchase
the pictures. But in the new apparatus of which we are speaking, the
glass plates are already prepared to receive the image. It is not at
all necessary for the operator to stain his fingers and knuckles and
nails with nitrate of silver, or any other “chemicals” whatever. He
just inserts the plate in the Scenograph, and then his apparatus being
steadily set up, he removes the covering from the lens. To develop the
image (in the dusk of the evening or by candle-light) it is necessary
to put some drops of ammonia in a saucer, breathe upon the plate so
as to soften the collodion, and hold it above the ammonia, and then,
under the influence of the vapour, the picture will appear. After this
simple operation the picture will be found fixed for a lengthened
period—practically indefinitely. Thus on the return of the pedestrian
he can reproduce, at small expense, a whole series of little pictures
faithfully representing his holiday tour. The illustration shows a
small apparatus by which on thin plates small photographs can be taken
and fixed till it is found desirable to enlarge them.
The _Photophone_, one of the most recent contributions to science,
is an instrument which, in combination with the telephone principle,
makes it possible to convey sounds by means of a ray of light, and by
means of a quivering beam “to produce articulate speech at a distance.
The success of the Photophone depends upon a rare element, selenium,
which has its “electrical resistance” affected by light. Professor
Adams demonstrated that the resistance of selenium was reduced just
in proportion as the intensity of the light which was acting upon it.
Here was the key to the Photophone as thought out by Professor Bell.
He fancied that he might by means of his telephone produce sound if he
could vary the intensity of the beam of light upon the selenium, which
he connected with his telephone and battery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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