Their treatment, of course, must be regulated by various circumstances. When the pain and inflammation are severe, leeches, bleeding, warm fomentations, or cold evaporating lotions composed of vinegar and water, must be resorted to. When they are chronic and painful, without redness and inflammation, the greatest relief will be experienced by the application of the ointment of iodine and morphine (see Form 53), also by the internal employment of iodine in doses of five to ten drops twice or three times a day. Where they are very obstinate, blisters will be often useful in promoting absorption. When they ulcerate, the treatment for chancres must be had recourse to. But the most invaluable remedy, alone or in conjunction with any of the preceding, is the vapor bath; it seldom fails to give instantaneous relief. I have seen patients, who were rendered almost insensible by the pain of nodes in the head, chest, and other parts of the body, experience an entire remission of the pain, and a diminution of the swelling, by the application of one bath; and a course of six or a dozen is rarely inefficient in effecting permanent recovery. It has already been mentioned that rheumatism of the bones and joints, and in fact of various parts of the body, is unfortunately but too frequently an accompaniment or a consequence of syphilitic disease: and an observer will discover that nodes rarely exist without rheumatic inflammation (of which by-the-by they are a species) being more or less present. SECONDARY SYMPTOMS. IN the same manner as bubo, which is more usually preceded by ulceration, but which may occur without it, secondary symptoms, or that form of the disease wherein the constitution is involved, may be carried into the circulation without any local effect on the part to which the poison was first applied being produced; or, in other words, secondary symptoms need not necessarily be preceded by primary. I have already stated that secondary symptoms are also much modified, both as to the time, form, and severity of their appearance, by the state of health of the patient affecting and affected; and hence the varied degrees of syphilitic maladies. By referring to past pages, it will be seen that the mucous membrane of the throat and nose, the skin or surface of the body, and the periosteum and bones, are the structures in which secondary symptoms develop themselves, and accordingly I now proceed to their several consideration in detail. To illustrate each of them practically, I will first select diseases of the skin. They consist of four marked species, distinguished as the scaly, papular, pustular, and tubercular.