[687] e.g. a girl, Rosario, in _Amor Divino_, is described--annihilated--with the assistance of Cybele, Goya, the Venus of Milo, Reynolds, Shakespeare. Cf. the names, from Descartes to Darwin, in _O Conto do Gallo_. [688] _Comedia do Campo_, vol. vi. [689] Vol. vii. [690] Pathology, religious and social, crops up in the later novels of Snr. Vieira da Costa, _Irmã Celeste_ (1904), _A Familia Maldonado_ (1908); yet his earlier work, _Entre Montanhas_ (1903), a story of contemporary life in the high-lying vine-lands of Douro written in 1899, was more original. The modern Portuguese novelists are nearly, although not quite, as numerous as the poets. José de Caldas is the author of _Os Humildes_ (1900) and _Cartas de um Vencido_ (1910), D. João de Castro of _Os Malditos_ (1894) and _A Deshonra_, in which a strange situation is too long drawn out. [691] He wrote under the name Bernardo de Pindella or Bernardo Pinheiro. [692] In novels intimately connected with the Portuguese soil such expressions as _colorido gritante_ (_criard_), _lunchar_ (to partake of luncheon), _endomingado_ (_endimanché_) are more than ever out of place. The authoress has written other stories: _Capital Bemdito_ (1910), _Fé_ (a Socialist novel), _Inocente_ (1916), _A Praga_ (1917). [693] A _conto_ written by Snr. Julio de Lemos in 1905 bears the same title. [694] de Quental or do Quental. See J. Leite de Vasconcellos, _Lições de Philologia Portuguesa_ (1911), p. 125 _ad fin._ [695] e.g. _Tive castellos, fortalezas pelo mundo.... Não tenho casa, não tenho pão._ The cadence here, as in many of Snr. Guerra Junqueiro’s lines, is singularly arresting. The tendency to morbid repetition is exaggerated in _Patria_ and has influenced many younger poets, as Snr. Corrêa de Oliveira and, especially, Antonio Nobre. The reader is credited with no imagination and the effect is diminished. For instance, in _Patria_: _deixa-me dormir, Dormir em paz ... dormir!_ That is excellent; but the word _dormir_ is then again thrice repeated, until the reader sleeps. [696] In details his ear is not faultless. Cf. the unscannable line _E que na corda do remorso enforçou Judas_ (unless this is deliberately onomatopoeic). [697] Without counting those of Brazil, which had an exquisite word-chiseller in the poet OLAVO BILAC (1865-1918), author of _Panoplias_ and other verse published in _Poesias_ (1888, Nova ed. 1904). [698] He is the son of Snr. ALFREDO CARNEIRO DA CUNHA (born in 1863), whose _Versos_ (1900) contains the poignant lines _A uma creança morta_, which recall Coventry Patmore and the pathos of Dr. Robert Bridges’ _On a Dead Child_. The earlier edition, _Endeixas e Madrigaes_, appeared in 1891. [699] The word _Nephelibatas_ (= Cloud-treaders), formerly applied to poets of the decadent school in Portugal, is now seldom heard. APPENDIX § 1 Literature of the People