Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to JuvenalButler, Harold Edgeworth
History
Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to Juvenal
Butler, Harold Edgeworth
Latin poetry -- History and criticism; Rome -- In literature
Here lie the twin gates of Hell, whereof the one is ever open
by stern fate's decree, and through it march the peoples and
princes of the world. But the other may none essay nor beat
against its bars. Barely it opens and untouched by hand, if e'er
a chieftain comes with glorious wounds upon his breast, whose
halls were decked with helm and chariots, or who strove to cast
out the woes of mankind, who honoured truth and bade farewell to
fear and knew no base ambition. Then, too, it opens when some
priest comes wearing sacred wreath and spotless robe. All such
the child of Atlas leads along with gentle tread and waving torch.
Far shines the road with the fire of the god until they come to
the groves and plains, the pleasant mansions of the blest, where
the sun ceases not, nor the warm daylight all the year long, nor
dancing companies of heroes, nor song, nor all the innocent joys
that the peoples of the earth desire no more.
Many lines might be quoted that startle us with their unforeseen
vividness or some unexpected blaze of colour; when the fleece of gold is
taken from the tree where it had long since shone like a beacon through
the dark, the tree sinks back into the melancholy night,
tristesque super coiere tenebrae (viii. 120).
At their bridal on the desolate Isle of Peuce under the shadow of
approaching peril, Jason and Medea gleam star-like amid the company of
heroes (viii. 257):
ipsi inter medios rosea radiante iuventa
altius inque sui sternuntur velleris auro.
Themselves in their comrades' midst, bright with the rosy
glow of youth, above them all, lie on the fleece of gold
that they had made their own.
This characteristic is most evident in the similes over which Valerius,
like other poets of the age, would seem to have expended particular
labour. He scatters them over his pages with too prodigal a hand, and
they suffer at times from over-elaboration and ingenuity.[508] Desire
for originality has led him to such startling comparisons as that
between a warrior drawn from his horse and a bird snared by the limed
twig of the fowler,[509] surely as inappropriate a simile as was ever
framed. More distressing still is the maudlin pathos of the simile which
likens Medea to a dog on the verge of madness.[510] But such gross
aberrations are rare; against them may be set some of the freshest and
most beautiful similes in the whole range of Latin poetry. The silence
that follows on the wailing of the women of Cyzicus is like the silence
of Egypt when the birds that wintered there have flown to more temperate
lands. 'And now they had paid due honour to their ashes; with weary
feet, wives with their babes wandered away and the waves had rest, the
waves long torn by their wakeful lamentation, even as when the birds in
mid-spring have returned to the north that is their home, and Memphis
and their yearly haunt by sunny Nile are dumb once more'--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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