His son, Josiah Spode, began the porcelain fabric about the year 1800, at Stoke, under the firm-name of Spode, Son, and Copeland. He is said to have introduced _bones_ into the paste--now in general use in soft porcelain. In 1833 the works were purchased by Alderman W. T. Copeland. In 1843 the firm-name was Copeland and Garrett. Afterward, Alderman Copeland alone was again the proprietor. His mark was two crossed C's, with the name Copeland beneath: [Illustration] The works are now conducted under the name of W. T. Copeland and Sons, and the mark is nearly the same, the only difference being that the crossed C's are ornamented. The Copelands are noted for the excellence of the style and finish of their higher grades of porcelain, in which they are surpassed by no other English house. One of their specialties is jeweled porcelain, in which jewels are represented by colored enamels with fine effect. We give an example of this in Fig. 153, from the collection of Messrs. Tiffany and Company. Mr. FRANCIS PLACE, a gentleman of Yorkshire, made porcelain late in the 1600's or early in the 1700's. A few examples of it only are known to exist, and it probably was made rather as an experiment, and did not reach a commercial circulation. H. and R. DANIELL, of Stoke and Shelton, made fine porcelain and stoneware as early as 1826. Some of this porcelain is highly praised by Chaffers. It is doubtful if we have any of it in the United States. WEDGWOODS.--The old house of Wedgwood, founded by Josiah--of whom I speak in another place--is still in active service, and has in these later years produced porcelain of great excellence. MINTON'S works, at Stoke-upon-Trent, are now very extensive. Not only is porcelain made there in great variety, but earthen-ware and tiles largely. The factory was established in 1791, by Thomas Minton. Some of the most elaborate pieces of porcelain-work are now made there. The mark is "Minton," stamped on the pieces. [Illustration: FIG. 153.--_Copeland's Jeweled Porcelain._]