Powers of the President during crisesSmith, J. Malcolm (John Malcolm)
History
Powers of the President during crises
Smith, J. Malcolm (John Malcolm)
Constitutional history -- United States; Executive power -- United States
_Must Co-operate_: The Small Business Concerns Mobilization Act made it
the duty of the Chairman of the War Production Board to co-operate to
the fullest practicable extent with the Director of Civilian Supply and
other appropriate governmental agencies in the issuance of all orders
limiting production by business enterprises with a view to insuring
that small business concerns would not be bypassed in the production of
war materials and goods essential to the civilian population.
In granting the Secretary of the Interior power to construct
demonstration plants for production of synthetic and liquid fuels
from coal oil shale, and agricultural and forestry products, the
Congress specified that “any activities under this Act relating
to the production of liquid fuels from agricultural and forestry
products should be carried out in co-operation with the Department
of Agriculture and subject to the direction of the Secretary of
Agriculture.”[700] A 1945 flood-control act clearly sought to effect
interagency co-operation in facilitating the replacement by farmers of
flood-damaged or -destroyed farm equipment.[701] The War Production
Board, and every other governmental agency which had jurisdiction over
allocations and priorities relating to farm machinery and equipment
were authorized and directed immediately to take whatever steps were
necessary to provide for the necessary allocations and priorities
to enable farmers in the areas affected by floods in 1944 and 1945
to replace and repair their farm machinery and equipment which was
destroyed or damaged by such floods, or windstorms, or fire caused by
lightning, and to continue farm operations.[702]
The Defense Production Act of 1950 provided that whenever the price
and wage stabilization powers contained in the Act were exercised, all
agencies of the Government dealing with price and wage stabilization,
within the limits of their authority and jurisdiction, should
co-operate in carrying out the purposes of the Act.[703]
_May Co-operate_: The Emergency Price Control Act of 1942 was in part
designed “to permit voluntary co-operation between the Government and
producers, processors, and others to accomplish the ... purposes” of
stabilizing prices and preventing speculation.[704] “It shall be the
policy of those departments and agencies of the Government dealing
with wages (including the Department of Labor and its various bureaus,
the War Department, the Navy Department, the War Production Board,
the National Labor Relations Board, the National Mediation Board, the
National War Labor Board, and others heretofore or hereafter created),
within the limits of their authority and jurisdiction, to work toward
a stabilization of prices, fair and equitable wages, and cost of
production.”[705]
MUTUAL ASSISTANCE
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