Air transportation received the attention of Congress in a June 1934 statute establishing a commission to make a report to the Congress recommending an aviation policy.[403] The Commission was to report its recommendations of a broad policy covering all phases of aviation and the relation of the United States thereto. Subsequently the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 was enacted, embodying congressional policy in this field.[404] In 1950 a security provision was added to the Act, permitting the Secretary of Commerce whenever he determined such action to be required in the interest of national security to establish airspace zones in which civilian flights could be restricted or prohibited.[405] Another original statute in this field was the Communications Act of 1934, whereunder interstate and foreign commerce in communication by wire and radio is regulated. Federal controls were aimed at insuring existence of a rapid, efficient, Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communication service for the convenience of the public and for the purpose of national defense.[406] Created thereunder was the Federal Communications Commission to which elaborate regulatory powers were granted. During the continuance of a war in which the United States was engaged, the Act authorized the President to direct that such communications as in his judgment were deemed to be essential to the national defense and security should have preference or priority with any carrier subject to the Act. He could give these directions at and for such times as he determined and he could modify, change, suspend or annul them.[407] The President also was authorized to prevent any obstructions by physical force or intimidations by threats of physical force of interstate and foreign radio or wire communications.[408] The pipe-line construction provision of July 30, 1941 required that pipe lines constructed with government aid be constructed subject to whatever terms and conditions the President prescribed as necessary for national defense purposes.[409] The second War Powers Act of 1942 gave the Interstate Commerce Commission wartime authority with respect to motor carriers, to be exercised under circumstances and procedure equivalent to the authority it had with respect to other carriers. It could issue reasonable directives with respect to equipment, service and facilities of motor carriers and require the joint use of equipment, terminals, warehouses, garages, and other facilities. Motor carriers were to be subject to the same penalties for failure to comply with action taken by the Commission as any other carriers under its jurisdiction.[410] In June 1953 Congress continued in effect traffic priority powers of the I.C.C. which had been granted during the war and continued by the Emergency Powers Continuation Act.[411]