Powers of the President during crisesSmith, J. Malcolm (John Malcolm)
History
Powers of the President during crises
Smith, J. Malcolm (John Malcolm)
Constitutional history -- United States; Executive power -- United States
For a precise illustration of an attempt to utilize public opinion as
a sanction, we need only look to the Labor-Management Relations Act of
1947, which, in specifying the procedures to be followed in settling
national emergency strikes, obviously contemplated the marshalling of
public opinion, at a strategic point, through publication of the second
report of the President’s board of inquiry, describing the current
position of the parties and the efforts made for settlement.[439] The
report is releasable after expiration of a sixty-day suspension of
the strike, as ordered by a Federal district court on petition of the
Attorney General.[440]
In the Armed Services Procurement Act of 1947, Congress announced its
intention that a fair proportion of the total purchases and contracts
for supplies and services for the government should be placed with
small business concerns, and provided with certain exceptions for
suitable advance publicity to achieve this end.[441]
In setting up the Small Business Administration in July 1953,
Congress directed it to provide technical and managerial aids to
small-business concerns, by advising and counselling on matters in
connection with government procurement and on policies, principles,
and practices of good management. Part of this responsibility would
be met by maintaining a clearing house for information concerning the
managing, financing, and operation of small business enterprises,
by disseminating such information, and by such other activities as
were deemed appropriate.[442] Designed to achieve a similar result is
the provision of the Federal Defense Act of 1950 enumerating among
the functions of the Federal Civil Defense Agency that of publicly
disseminating appropriate civil defense information.[443]
To protect private enterprise the Defense Housing and Community
Facilities and Services Act of 1951 requires that private enterprise
be afforded full opportunity to provide the defense housing needed
wherever possible and that, among other things, the number of permanent
dwelling units needed shall be publicly announced and printed in the
Federal Register.[444] The Domestic Minerals Program Extension Act of
1953 provides that the responsible agencies controlling such strategic
or critical minerals and metals purchase programs publish the amounts
of each of the ores and concentrates purchased at the end of each
calendar quarter under the program.[445]
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