Practicable Socialism, New SeriesBarnett, S. A. (Samuel Augustus)
Religion
Practicable Socialism, New Series
Barnett, S. A. (Samuel Augustus)
Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class
The difference is one on which much may be said on both sides. It may be
argued that a committee and officials whose special and daily duty it is
to deal with cases of distress will become experts in such dealing; and
it may be equally argued that experts tend to think more of the
perfection of their system than of the peculiar needs of individuals, so
that their action becomes rigid and incapable of growth. The Charity
Organization Committees are such experts, and although they have done
service not always recognized, they have become unpopular because they
have seemed to be more careful as to their methods than as to the needs
of the poor. It may be argued that the Education and Health and other
committees have neither the time nor the experience to administer relief
to the cases of distress with which their duties bring them into
contact; and it may equally be argued that it is because they have in
view education or health that their ways of relief will be elastic and
human, and therefore guided to the best ends. It may be argued that, as
the important matter is to check the use of public funds by necessitous
persons, therefore it is the better plan to have in each county one
authority skilled in dealing with such persons. It may, on the other
hand, be argued that as the more important matter is to prevent any one
becoming a necessitous person, therefore it is the better plan to let
those authorities which have dealings with people as to education, or
health, or any other object, deal with them also when they are
threatened or overtaken by distress. Knowledge is more necessary than
skill, and the people who need their neighbour’s guidance do not form a
special class in the community. Society is better regarded as a body of
co-operators than as a community divided into “an assistance body” and
“the assisted”.
The Majority Report in its recommendation is discounted by the fact that
the Boards of Guardians--an _ad hoc_ body--have failed; and the Minority
Report is discounted by the fact that there is a science of relief for
which long training is necessary. Both alike seem conscious that success
must really depend on the character of the administrators; the Majority
therefore recommend many precautions as to the appointment of clerks and
relieving officers; the Minority frankly leave the control of relief in
the hands of a registrar, whose duty it will be to register every case
of relief recommended by any committee, to assess the amount which ought
to be repaid, and to proceed to the recovery of the amount. The
registrar would therefore, by means of his own officials, make inquiries
into the circumstances of every case, and would put his administration
of out relief or of, as it is called, “home aliment” on a basis of
uniform and judicial impartiality.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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