Practical Hand Book of Gas, Oil and Steam Engines: Stationary, Marine, Traction; Gas Burners, Oil Burners, Etc.; Farm, Traction, Automobile, Locomotive; A simple, practical and comprehensive book on the construction, operation and repair of all kinds of engines. Dealing with the various parts in detail and the various types of engines and also the use of different kinds of fuel.Rathbun, John B.
Science
Practical Hand Book of Gas, Oil and Steam Engines: Stationary, Marine, Traction; Gas Burners, Oil Burners, Etc.; Farm, Traction, Automobile, Locomotive; A simple, practical and comprehensive book on the construction, operation and repair of all kinds of engines. Dealing with the various parts in detail and the various types of engines and also the use of different kinds of fuel.
Rathbun, John B.
Internal combustion engines; Traction-engines
Speed regulation is affected by a Hartung governor, driven from the
camshaft, which actuates the oil supply pump through levers by shifting
the point of contact between the pump levers and its actuating cam. This
lengthens or shortens the stroke of the pump in accordance with the
requirements of the load. The type FH engines are built in both single
and twin cylinders ranging from 90 to 180 horse-power in the single
cylinder type to 360 horse-power in the twin.
Since the fuel injection of the smaller engine type HA differs from that
just described, it will be described separately in the following
section.
The De La Vergne Oil Engine (Type HA)
In the small four stroke cycle De La Vergne Oil Engine, the fuel is
injected into a heated vaporizer during the suction stroke in such a way
that the vapor and intake air do not form a mixture in the cylinder
proper. On the return stroke of the piston, the compression of the pure
air takes place which forces the air into the vaporizer and into
intimate contact with the oil vapor. This forms an explosive mixture
which ignites and forces the piston outwardly on the working stroke. The
release and scavenging are performed in a similar manner to that of a
four stroke cycle gas engine. Both the inlet and exhaust valves are of
the mechanically operated poppet type, and as both the inlet and exhaust
gases pass through the same passage, the entering air is heated to a
comparatively high temperature.
The injection pump receives the fuel from a constant level stand pipe or
tank, located near the engine and injects the fuel into the vaporizer
through a spray nozzle. The vaporizer is a bulb shaped vessel that is
connected with the cylinder through a short post and really forms a part
of the combustion chamber. Since no water jacket surrounds the
vaporizer, it remains at a high temperature and vaporizes the oil at the
instant of its injection. Because of the residual gases remaining in the
chamber, ignition does not occur until air is forced through the passage
by the compression. The air inlet valve and the fuel injection valve are
opened at the same instant by a cam lever that also operates the pump.
On the compression stroke, the air which is at a pressure of
approximately 75 pounds per square inch enters the vaporizer, and
ignition occurs, partly because of the increased heat due to the
compression and partly because of the supply of additional oxygen.
Internal ribs provided in the vaporizer greatly increase the heat
radiating surface and add to the thoroughness with which the atomized
oil is vaporized. Since no mixture of air and fuel takes place in the
cylinder proper, sudden changes in the load do not affect the ignition
of the charge as the heated surfaces are surrounded with comparatively
rich gas under all conditions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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