Practical Hand Book of Gas, Oil and Steam Engines: Stationary, Marine, Traction; Gas Burners, Oil Burners, Etc.; Farm, Traction, Automobile, Locomotive; A simple, practical and comprehensive book on the construction, operation and repair of all kinds of engines. Dealing with the various parts in detail and the various types of engines and also the use of different kinds of fuel.Rathbun, John B.
Science
Practical Hand Book of Gas, Oil and Steam Engines: Stationary, Marine, Traction; Gas Burners, Oil Burners, Etc.; Farm, Traction, Automobile, Locomotive; A simple, practical and comprehensive book on the construction, operation and repair of all kinds of engines. Dealing with the various parts in detail and the various types of engines and also the use of different kinds of fuel.
Rathbun, John B.
Internal combustion engines; Traction-engines
The same volume of air enters the cylinder under all conditions, and the
power is regulated by modifying the stroke of the oil pump, which may be
done by hand or automatically by the governor in the flywheel. A
separate fuel pump is provided for each cylinder when multiple cylinders
are used, making it absolutely certain that each cylinder shall receive
the same amount of fuel for a position of the control lever.
When starting the engine, the hollow cast iron prong rising from the
cylinder head is heated by a kerosene torch, and when hot, a single
charge of oil is admitted to the cylinder by working the hand pump. The
flywheel is now turned backward, thereby compressing the charge which
ignites the fuel before the piston reaches the highest position. After
being started the engine, the torch may be extinguished.
[Illustration:
Fig. 82. Two Cylinder Remington Oil Engine Direct Connected to Dynamo.
]
The governor is of the centrifugal type. It has an L-shaped weight,
pivoted to the piece attached to the flywheel. As the engine speed
increases, the weight tends to swing outward toward the flywheel rim,
and thereby moves the arm attached to it so as to shift the cam along
the crankshaft toward the left.
This cam turns with the shaft, and operates the kerosene oil pump.
According to the position of the cam on the shaft, it will impart to the
pump plunger a long or a short stroke, thereby injecting more or less
oil into the cylinder. The lever pivoted on the bracket moves with the
cam and is used for controlling the engine’s speed by hand. To stop the
engine the handle of the lever is pulled towards the flywheel, thereby
interrupting the pump action altogether.
The handle of the control lever can be fitted with an adjustable speed
regulator when required. This device is for use on marine engines to
enable the operator to slow down the engine. The speed regulator does
not interfere with the action of the governor but acts in conjunction
with it. Whatever the speed of the engine may be, it is under the
control of the governor. The engine can be controlled from the pilot
house if such an arrangement is desirable.
The fuel pump is made of bronze. The valves are made of bronze and are
designed with very large areas. The plunger is made of tool steel. A
bronze cup strainer is attached to the lower end of the pump to prevent
sediment or foreign matter from reaching the pump valves. As a result of
the care used in its construction, the fuel pump is not only very
sensitive in measuring the oil required by the governor, but is also
very strong and durable.
The nozzle through which the fuel is atomized into the cylinder is
thoroughly water jacketed to prevent the formation of carbon within the
nozzle. It is so constructed that the water jacket spaces and fuel
spaces can be opened for inspection.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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