The mass is laid upon the board with _rectum_ uppermost. The latter is then opened from the anus, using the intestinal shears, and scraping off the contents into a pail so as not to contaminate the other tissues. The rectum is then separated from the base of the bladder and prostate, guiding the incision along the outer muscular layer of the rectum, and stripping off the latter until the _seminal vesicles_ are wholly exposed. These are then examined by means of transverse cuts, or are opened longitudinally with the knife or fine probe-pointed scissors. The _prostate_ may also be sectioned from its posterior surface, if it is desired to preserve the urethral side intact. _Cowper’s glands_ are also accessible from this incision. The organs are then turned over, the penis put on a stretch and the anterior wall of the urethra cut in the median line from the meatus to the bladder. A pair of strong, medium-sized probe-pointed scissors should be used. The incision is extended through the anterior wall of the bladder. The mouth of the _ureters_, _ejaculatory ducts_ and ducts of _Cowper’s glands_ are examined. If the prostate has not been examined from the rectal side it may now be examined by means of transverse incisions across the urethra and extending entirely through the gland. The section of the genitalia is then finished by the examination of the _testicles_. The latter are removed by enlarging the inguinal canal on each side, slipping the testicles up through them, and bisecting each gland so that the incision falls through the head of the epididymis. The testicles may also be examined by means of incisions made in the scrotum over the glands, which are forced through the incisions and then bisected. If the vasa deferentia are to be preserved they should be dissected out before the semicircular cuts on each side of the external genitals are made. When the kidneys have been removed, and the ureters left uncut, to be examined in connection with bladder and external genitals, they are usually left lying on the thighs until the abdominal examination is finished. They are then laid in the abdomen until the pelvic organs have been separated up to the brim of the pelvis. At this point care should be taken to see that the ureters are not cut when the whole mass of pelvic organs, ureters and kidneys is removed. When placed upon the board the ureters are laid straight and the kidneys placed in their respective positions. The _ureters_ are sounded from the bladder and when desired opened upward from the bladder to the kidneys. The section of the kidneys may then proceed according to the directions given in the last chapter. [Illustration: FIG. 45.—Section of male pelvic organs. Arrows mark line of incisions through prostate and rectum. (After Nauwerck.)]