=I. MALE PELVIS.= 1. =Penis.= Size, anomalies, condition, character of prepuce, evidence of circumcision, presence of smegma, character of meatus, discharge, wounds, scars (on and back of corona), evidence of syphilis, neoplasms, etc. Postmortem priapism occurs particularly in leukæmia. It may be caused also by traumatic or infective thrombosis and hæmorrhage, tumor-metastases, inflammatory infiltrations, and in death from hanging. The most important pathologic conditions of the penis are: inflammations (balanitis, posthitis, cavernitis, gonorrhœa, etc.), gangrene, phimosis, paraphimosis, præputial concretions, soft chancre, hard chancre, secondary syphilides, traumatic lesions (fracture, hæmorrhage, urine-infiltrations, etc.), anomalies (hypospadias, epispadias, etc.), tuberculosis (rare), condylomata, elephantiasis, cornu cutaneum, carcinoma, sarcoma (rare; melanotic sarcoma the most common form), secondary carcinoma (primary in prostate), lipoma, angioma and teratoma. 2. =Scrotum.= The most important pathologic conditions of the scrotum are: œdema, inflammation, gangrene, trauma, burns, elephantiasis, carcinoma, melanotic sarcoma, lipoma, fibroma, myofibroma, lymphangioma and teratoma. 3. =Testis and Epididymis.= Testis and epididymis weigh 15-30 grms. Note _size_, _form_ and _consistence_. Normal color of cut-surface is grayish yellow; becomes brown in atrophy. Note character of tunics (color, lustre, smoothness, consistence, etc.), and contents of sacs (hydrocele, hæmatocele, empyema, etc.). The most important conditions affecting the testes are: inflammation (orchitis, epididymitis, vaginitis, abscess, hæmatogenous inflammations in pyemia, mumps, scarlet fever, typhoid fever, variola, chronic fibroid orchitis in syphilis, gonorrhœal epididymitis), tuberculosis, gonorrhœa, syphilis, actinomycosis, leprosy, leukæmic infiltrations, atrophy, compensatory hypertrophy, cryptorchidism, hydrocele, varicocele, spermatocele, cysts, malignant teratomata (syncytioma, cysts, cystocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenoma, adenosarcoma, cystosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, chondroma, osteoma, myxoma, etc.), carcinoma, sarcoma, lipoma, fibroma, etc., metastatic sarcoma and carcinoma, dermoid cysts, benign teratoma, parasites (echinococcus is rare). Tuberculosis is most common in the epididymis; syphilis more frequently affects the body of the testis. Torsion of the vas deferens may occur; atrophy of the testis may result. Twisting or thrombosis of the spermatic vessels may cause gangrene of the testicle.