8. =Penciling or Shaking.= For the demonstration of the stroma or reticulum either fresh or fixed sections may be placed upon a slide in an abundance of fluid and gently penciled with a fine, blunt camel’s hair brush until the fluid becomes cloudy. The cloudy fluid is washed away and replaced by fresh as long as cells are given off. The same results may be obtained by shaking the sections in a test-tube until the cells are shaken out of the stroma. The removal of the cells from the section is shown by its greater transparency. One of the practical applications of these methods in diagnostic work is the differentiation between alveolar round-cell sarcomata and carcinomata. 9. =Digestion.= For the demonstration of stroma, parasites, etc., the tissues may be digested with gastric or pancreatic ferments until the required elements are freed. A freshly prepared pepsin in 0.2 per cent HCl in the incubator for 3-5 hours will digest fibrin in fresh clots. Sections of fixed tissues may be imbedded in paraffin, cut, and digested on the slide with Grübler’s pancreatin according to the method of Flint. 10. =Intravital and Supravital Staining.= Various methods have been advised for the intravital staining of cell-granules. Intravenous or intraperitoneal injections of methylene blue, alum carmine, neutral red and other stains will produce intracellular granule-staining in various organs of experimental animals. In the study of low forms of animal life staining solutions may be injected, or the animal or its parts may be examined in staining fluids. Human material can be examined by this method immediately after being removed from the body by operation or within 1-2 hours after death. (For details of these methods see article on _“Färbungen, intravitale_,” _Encyklopädie der mikroskopischen Technik_.)