English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
And the people answer:
All the bright lights of heaven
Thou hast made dark over us;
One night has been as seven,
That its skirt might cover us;
Thou hast sent on our strong men a sword,
On our remnant a rod;
We know that thou art the Lord,
O Lord our God.
But this submission is not enough; for the Lord replies
As the tresses and wings of the wind
Are scattered and shaken,
I will scatter all them that have sinned,
There shall none be taken;
As a sower that scattereth seed,
So will I scatter them;
As one breaketh and shattereth a reed,
I will break and shatter them.
The antiphone is:
As the wings and the locks of the wind
Are scattered and shaken,
Thou hast scattered all them that have sinned;
There was no man taken;
As a sower that scattereth seed,
So hast thou scattered us;
As one breaketh and shattereth a reed,
Thou hast broken and shattered us.
Observe that, simple as this versification looks, there is nothing more
difficult. With, the simplest possible words, the greatest possible
amount of sound and force is here obtained. There are many other
stanzas, and a noteworthy fact is that very few words of Latin origin
are used. Most of the words are Anglo-Saxon; perhaps that is why the
language is so sonorous and strong. But when the poet does use a word
of Latin origin, the result is simply splendid:
Ye whom your lords loved well,
Putting silver and gold on you,
The inevitable hell
Shall surely take hold on you;
Your gold shall be for a token,
Your staff for a rod;
With the breaking of bands ye are broken,
Saith the Lord God.
The use of the Latin adjective "inevitable" here gives an extraordinary
effect, the main accent of the line coming on the second syllable of
the word. But, as if to show his power, in the antiphonal response
the poet does not repeat this effect, but goes back to the simple
Anglo-Saxon with astonishing success:
We whom the world loved well,
Laying silver and gold on us,
The kingdom of death and of hell
Riseth up to take hold on us;
Our gold is turned to a token,
Our staff to a rod;
Yet shalt thou bind them up that were broken,
O Lord our God.
Here the substitution of these much simpler words gives nearly as fine
an effect of sound and a grander effect of sense because of the grim
power of the words themselves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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