English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
Three volumes represent his poetical production. In these are
contained a remarkable variety of poems--narrative, mystical,
fantastic, classical, romantic, ranging from the simplest form of
ballad to the complex form of the sonnet and the ode. The narrative
poems would, I think, interest you least; they are gloomy studies of
human suffering, physical and moral, among the poor, and are not so
good as the work of Crabbe in the same direction. The mystical poems,
on the contrary, are of a very curious kind; for Buchanan actually
made a religious philosophy of his own, and put it into the form of
verse. It is a Christian mysticism, an extremely liberal Unitarianism
forming the basis of it; but the author's notions about the perpetual
order of things are all his own. He has, moreover, put these queer
fancies into a form of verse imitating the ancient Celtic poetry. We
shall afterward briefly consider the mystical poetry. But the great
production of Buchanan is a simple ballad, which you find very properly
placed at the beginning of his collected poems. This is a beautiful
and extraordinary thing, quite in accordance with the poet's peculiar
views of Christianity. It is called "The Ballad of Judas Iscariot." If
you know only this composition, you will know all that it is absolutely
necessary to know of Robert Buchanan. It is by this poem that his place
is marked in nineteenth century literature.
Before we turn to the poem itself, I must explain to you something of
the legend of Judas Iscariot. You know, of course, that Judas was the
disciple of Christ who betrayed his master. He betrayed him for thirty
pieces of silver, according to the tradition; and he betrayed him with
a kiss, for he said to the soldiers whom he was guiding, "The man
whom I shall kiss is the man you want." So Judas went up to Christ,
and kissed his face; and then the soldiers seized Christ. From this
has come the proverbial phrase common to so many Western languages, a
"Judas-kiss." Afterwards Judas, being seized with remorse, is said to
have hanged himself; and there the Scriptural story ends. But in Church
legends the fate of Judas continued to be discussed in the Middle
Ages. As he was the betrayer of; a person whom the Church considered
to be God, it was deemed that he was necessarily the greatest of all
traitors; and as he had indirectly helped to bring about the death of
God, he was condemned as the greatest of all murderers. It was said
that in hell the very lowest place was given to Judas, and that his
tortures exceeded all other tortures. But once every year, it was said,
Judas could leave hell, and go out to cool himself upon the ice of the
Northern seas. That is the legend of the Middle Ages.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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