Prehistoric Indians of the SouthwestWormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
History
Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest
Wormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New -- Antiquities; Southwest, New -- Antiquities
An excavated and partially restored hilltop pueblo, which reached its
maximum in the fourteenth century. Comparatively large museum housing
extensive collection close to Clarkdale, Arizona, and readily accessible
from U. S.-89.
MONTEZUMA CASTLE NATIONAL MONUMENT.
A five-story cliff-dwelling of the same period as Tuzigoot pueblo, near
Camp Verde, Arizona, and readily accessible from Highway U. S.-89. Small
museum. No accommodations at the monument. Also included in this
monument is Montezuma Well, nine miles northeast, with small
cliff-dwellings in a limestone sinkhole containing a “bottomless” lake.
Highly unusual archaeological features at Montezuma Well are cist-graves
undercut in soft limestone, and travertine-encrusted prehistoric
irrigation ditches.
II. MODERN PUEBLOS ON (AT LEAST APPROXIMATELY) PRE-SPANISH LOCATIONS
ORAIBI on the third or northwesternmost Hopi mesa, materially unchanged
for over 600 years, and in a general sense, the other older HOPI INDIAN
pueblos—WALPI on First Mesa, SHONGOPOVI and MISHONGNOVI on the middle
mesa—which have shifted their locations during the historic period from
valley floors to mesa tops. The villages of Hano (Tewa) and Sichomovi on
First Mesa, and probably also Shipaulovi on Second Mesa, are eighteenth
century foundations. Hotevilla, Bakavi and New Orabi (Kikhochomovi) date
from the break-up of Oraibi only about fifty years ago. Toreva and
Polacca are purely modern towns. Good dirt roads to the Hopi country
from Gallup, Winslow, and Flagstaff. No tourist accommodations.
ZUNI PUEBLO, the one surviving, or reestablished, town of the six
early-historic “cities of Cibola.” Fair road, forty miles south from
Gallup, New Mexico. Very limited tourist accommodations.
ACOMA on its great mesa, one of the most picturesque of all, little
changed since the seventeenth century when the large mission church was
built. Fair road, thirteen miles south of U. S.-66, about sixty miles
west of Albuquerque.
ISLETA, on Highway U. S.-85 about ten miles south of Albuquerque.
The five Keres pueblos southwest of Santa Fe—SANTO DOMINGO, SAN FELIPE,
and COCHITI along the Rio Grande north of Bernalillo, west of U. S.-85;
ZIA and SANTA ANA on the Jemez River, northwest of Bernalillo and across
the stream from State-44.
JEMEZ PUEBLO, twenty-five miles northwest of Bernalillo on State Highway
4.
The five Tewa pueblos north of Santa Fe: TESUQUE, on U. S.-64-285;
NAMBE, in the foothills to the northeast; SAN ILDEFONSO, on the east
bank of the Rio Grande; SANTA CLARA, on the west bank just below
Espanola; SAN JUAN, at Chamita, New Mexico.
TAOS, the one modern terraced pueblo, close to Taos, New Mexico, and
PICURIES in the foothills to the south.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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