Prehistoric Indians of the SouthwestWormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
History
Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest
Wormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New -- Antiquities; Southwest, New -- Antiquities
At Alkali Ridge in southeastern Utah,[7] thirteen sites have been
excavated which have yielded valuable information about architectural
development. Ten of these contained Developmental-Pueblo structures. In
this area, even as early as the eighth century, pueblos with as many as
three hundred above-ground storage and living rooms were being built in
association with large and small pit houses. These pueblos consisted of
long curving rows of contiguous rooms with the larger dwelling units in
front of the small chambers used for storage. A variety of wall types
was used, often in combination. They include upright stone slabs, jacal,
and some coursed masonry.
During the latter half of Developmental-Pueblo times in this area there
were buildings made of jacal with stones imbedded in the adobe. Those
found range in size from one to twelve rooms, and some may have been
larger. There were also structures of coursed masonry. Some of these
contained only one or two rooms but others may have been fairly large.
In excavations near Allantown, in eastern Arizona,[112] the evolution
from simple masonry granaries to multi-roomed houses, and the
development from simple, partially subterranean houses to highly
specialized kivas, or ceremonial buildings, is clearly shown. There the
change from domiciliary pit house to unit house seems to have occurred
in the period between 814 and about 1014 A. D. This, however, was a
slower development than in other areas. In the Chaco Canyon area of New
Mexico, for example, great communal houses, with several stories and
hundreds of rooms, of which the unit-type house seems to have been the
forerunner, apparently were started by 1014.
Unit houses, which were commonly built in the second part of
Developmental-Pueblo times and in the following period, were
above-ground structures built of stone and adobe. They were one story in
height and usually contained from six to fourteen rooms. These rooms
were sometimes placed in a long row, sometimes in a double tier, and, in
other cases, were arranged in the shape of an “L” or rectangular “U”.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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