Prehistoric Indians of the SouthwestWormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
History
Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest
Wormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New -- Antiquities; Southwest, New -- Antiquities
The minor arts of Mesa Verde seem to have been much like those of Chaco
Canyon, but neither material nor craftsmanship appears to have been as
good. Again, the scarcity of burials has reduced the chances of
obtaining much valuable information. In open sites they have been found
occasionally in refuse heaps, but more often they occur in pits under
floors of houses which continued to be occupied, or in abandoned rooms.
At Mesa Verde a few burials have been found in refuse heaps behind the
houses, a few under the floors of abandoned rooms, and others in the
cracks and crevices of the talus slope in front of the caves. There is
also some evidence of occasional cremations.[24] On mesa tops, have been
found a few stone rings overlying calcined human bones, and one room in
Cliff Palace was found to contain ashes and human bones. There is no
evidence, however, that cremation was widely practiced, and the few
graves which have been found would account for only a small fraction of
the deaths which must have occurred during the period of occupancy. It
is believed probable that most burials may have been in the refuse heaps
in front of the caves and that they have weathered away.
The last building date we have for Mesa Verde is 1273, but it is
possible that the great houses may have been occupied for some time
after this. The final date of departure probably falls within the period
of the disastrous drought of 1276 to 1299, when the farmers of Mesa
Verde must have been fighting a losing battle against overwhelming odds.
The departure seems to have been an orderly one, for the people took
most of their possessions with them. There does not seem to have been
any one, great migration. Rather it appears that first one section, and
then another, was abandoned as one or more small groups moved on. The
abandonment of the cliff houses has given rise to many fantastic
stories, and there has grown up a certain belief that the “Cliff
Dwellers” more or less disappeared into thin air. Certainly there is
enough mystery connected with this strange departure, but great numbers
of people do not simply vanish. Actually, they moved farther and farther
south, and perhaps to the southeast and southwest, looking for more
favorable locations. As they mingled with other groups they lost their
identity, but doubtless there is still a strain of Mesa Verde blood in
the present Pueblo Indian population. Perhaps the Indian, whom we see
selling jewelry in the lobby of some modern Southwestern hotel, had
ancestors who helped build the ancient city which we know as Cliff
Palace.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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