+-----------------------------------------+ | B. Alluvial deposits | +-------------+-------------+-------------+ | S. Acheul | Willendorf | S. Acheul | | (Tellier) | (Austria) | (Tellier, | | [3] | [4] | etc.)[3] | +-------------+-------------+-------------+ | -- | -- | -- | | | | | | -- | -- | -- | | | | | | -- | -- | -- | | | | | | Magdalenian | -- | -- | | | | | | -- | Solutréan | -- | | | | | | -- | Aurignacian | -- | | | | | | -- | -- | Mousterian | | | | | | -- | -- | Acheulean | | | | | | -- | -- | Chellean | | | | | | -- | -- | "Industrie | | | | grossière" | +-------------+-------------+-------------+ [1] For the occurrence of Acheulean and Chellean implements in caves, v. page 98. [2] Schmidt, 1909. [3] Commont, 1908. [4] Obermaier and Bayer, 1909. The next subject of enquiry is therefore that of the antiquity of Man as indicated by the occurrence of his artefacts. The succession of Palaeolithic implements has just been given and discussed, as far back as the period marked by the Chellean implements of the lower river gravels (not necessarily the lower terrace) of S. Acheul. For up to this point the testimony of human remains can be called in evidence. And as regards the associated animals, the Chellean implements (Taubach) have been shewn to accompany a group of animals suggestive of the Pliocene fauna which they followed. But implements of the type of Chelles have been found with a more definitely 'Pliocene' form of elephant than those already mentioned. At S. Prest and at Tilloux in France, Chellean implements are associated with _Elephas meridionalis_, a species destined to become extinct in very early Pleistocene times. Near the Jalón river in Aragon, similar implements accompany remains of an elephant described as a variety of _E. antiquus_ distinctly approaching _E. meridionalis_.