Prices of Books: An Inquiry into the Changes in the Price of Books which have occurred in England at different PeriodsWheatley, Henry B. (Henry Benjamin)
History
Prices of Books: An Inquiry into the Changes in the Price of Books which have occurred in England at different Periods
Wheatley, Henry B. (Henry Benjamin)
Books -- Prices -- History
We have unfortunately no information as to the price for which Caxton
sold his various books, but he bequeathed fifteen copies of his “Golden
Legend” to the churchwardens of St. Margaret, Westminster, who succeeded
in selling twelve of them between the years 1496 and 1500. For the
first three copies they obtained six shillings and eightpence each, but
then they had to reduce the price to five shillings and eightpence, at
which price they sold the next seven copies. The last two copies only
brought five shillings and sixpence and five shillings respectively, so
that evidently there was a falling market.
Mr. Blades makes the following remarks on this point--
“The commercial results of Caxton’s trade as a printer are unknown;
but as the fees paid at his burial were far above the average, and
as he evidently held a respectable position in his parish, we must
conclude that his business was profitable. The preservation of the
_Cost Book_ of the Ripoli Press has already been noticed, and some
extracts of interest translated therefrom. We may presume that
Caxton also kept exact accounts of his trade receipts and
expenditure, and if such were extant, the many doubts which now
surround the operations of his printing-office would be definitely
solved. We should then know the price at which he sold his
books--how many pence he asked for his small quarto ‘quayers’ of
poetry, or his pocket editions of the ‘Horæ’ and ‘Psalter’--how many
shillings were required to purchase the thick folio volumes, such as
‘Canterbury Tales,’ ‘King Arthur,’ &c. That the price was not much
dearer than that paid for good editions now we may infer from the
rate at which fifteen copies of the ‘Golden Legend’ sold between
1496 and 1500. These realised an average price of 6s. 8d. each, or
about £2, 13s. 4d. of modern money, a sum by no means too great for
a large illustrated work. This, however, would depend on the number
of copies considered necessary for an edition, which probably varied
according to the nature of the work.... Some foreign printers issued
as many as 275 or 300 copies of editions of the Classics, but it is
not probable that Caxton ventured upon so large an impression, as
the demand for his publications must have been much more
restricted.”[29]
It will be noticed that Mr. Blades is wrong in saying that the copies of
the “Golden Legend” were sold at an _average_ price of 6s. 8d., and it
would probably be more correct to give the equivalent amount in modern
money as £4, rather than £2, 13s. 4d., but this is perhaps more a matter
of opinion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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