Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
Another example is a sacrificial back shield (fig. 93),[52] in which
the symbol (_a_) represents a serpent, (_b_) white clouds, (_c_) black
clouds, (_d_) rain, (yellow and white stripes); (_e_) three flowers,
(_f_) a squash vine, these two representing vegetation, springing up
after rain; and (_g_) the earth with its hills.
[52] Page 146, fig. 173.
Similar representations are found in embroideries in woven garments,
thus a zig-zag line on a pouch[53] (fig. 94) represents lightning, the
crosses the Pleiades.
[53] Carl Lumholtz, Decorative Art of the Huichol Indians, Memoirs
American Museum of Natural History, Vol. III, p. 325, fig. 257.
Turning to Polynesia, von den Steinen[54] has given us a full
description of tattooing of the Marquesans, from which it appears that
in the minds of the natives the designs have definite significance.
I mention a series of black triangles on rectangular bases, called
the Fanaua, women who died in child birth (fig. 95 _a_); the cumulus
clouds of the northwind (fig. 95 _b_). In fig. 95 _c_ the upper row was
called by one informant, “the fellow with the step of the rooster”,
the lower one “the hero Pohu and his house”. Another informant
from another village, designated the figures with raised arms as
legendary miscarriages consisting of a chest, the low semicircular
and rectangular figures as others consisting of ribs only. Of the two
analogous figures, 95 _d_ and _e_, the former is called a crab, the
latter a turtle, while 95 _f_ is called the bath of the hero Kena.
[54] Karl von den Steinen, Die Marquesaner und ihre Kunst, Berlin 1925;
also W. C. Handy, Tattooing in the Marquesas, Bernice P. Bishop Museum,
Bulletin 7, Honolulu 1922.
[Illustration: Fig. 93. Woven ceremonial object, Huichol Indians,
Mexico.]
[Illustration: Fig. 94. Design from a pouch, Huichol Indians.]
[Illustration: Fig. 95. Tattooing designs, Marquesans.]
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