In modern Drehem there is found a list of months in which each month is allotted to an official of the cult, so that the result is a monthly regulation of the cult. The list is assigned to the town of Ur. 1, _maš-da-ku_, ‘month of the gazelle eating’, from a festival ceremony; 2, _šeš-da-ku_, and 3, _u-bi-ku_, borrowed from religious festivals; 4, _ki-sig ^d Nin-a-zu_, month of the mourning festival of Ninazu; 5, _ezen ^d Nin-a-zu_, month of the (joyful) festival of Ninazu; 6, _a-ki-ti_, named from a feast; 7, _ezen ^d Dungi_, see above; 8, _šu-eš-ša_, unexplained, later ousted by _^{itu} ezen ^d Su- ^d Sin_; 9, _ezen-mah_, ‘month of the high feast’; 10, _ezen-an-na_, month of the Anu feast; 11, _ezen Me-ki-gal_, doubled in intercalation; 12, _še-kin-kud_. There are also many variants. The names, with the exception of that of the old harvest month, are all taken from feasts: the ecclesiastical nomenclature has therefore been carried out very fully. The list of months from Umma:--The months 1, 2, and 6 are borrowed from the Nippur list. Of undoubted religious origin are:--9, _^d Ne-gun_; 10, _ezen ^d Dungi_; 12, _^d Dumu-zi_. 11 has the variant _^{itu d} Pap-u-e_. To none of the four local systems can _^{itu} azag-šim_ be allotted. A fifth list is known only from the above-mentioned syllabar, and is not certainly localised. The names of months refer to festivals and religious ceremonies, and have not all been completely preserved. We have seen what a multiplicity prevails among the Sumerian names of months. At the time of the dynasty of Hammurabi the signs of the Nippur list are used as ideographic signs of the months. The phonetic readings are known. The names are the common ones which were also adopted by the Jews in exile. The explanations are, according to Muss-Arnolt:--1, _nisanu_, from _nesu_ = ‘to stir, to move on, to leap’; 2, _airu_, from _aru_, ‘bright’, or _ir_, ‘to send out, to sprout’, and therefore the month of blossoming and sprouting; 3, _sivanu_; 4, _duzu_, ‘son of life’; 5, _abu_, ‘hostile’ (on account of the heat); 6, _ululu_; 7, _tašritu_, ‘origin, beginning’; 8, _arah-samna_, ‘the eighth month’; 9, _kislivu_; 10, _dhabitu_, ‘the gloomy month’; 11, _sabadhu_, ‘the destroyer’; 12, _addaru_, ‘the dark (month)’. The names are therefore borrowed throughout from natural phenomena. Numerous phonetic writings in legal documents are alone sufficient to shew that, at least for Sippar, our common pronunciations of the month-ideograms of this time were not the only ones in use. Landsberger gives 12 other names, of which only a few can be explained. _Sibutim_, _sibutu_ is the name for the 7th day and its festival, as the name of a month therefore, carrying over the idea to the year, it is the _sibutu_ of the year; _ki-nu-ni_, ‘oven month’, because the oven must then be heated; _arah ka-ti-ir-si-tim_, ‘hand of the underworld’, probably something like ‘month of epidemics’. One or two are named from gods. Therefore among