Five hundred grams of the soil are sifted through a sieve with circular
holes two millimeters in diameter. Of the earth passing the sieve from
30 to 100 grams are boiled in water with constant stirring from one-half
to one hour or longer, according to the character of the soil. The finer
the texture of the soil the smaller the quantity taken and the longer
the time of boiling. Treatment with acids or alkalies is not practiced.
The finer portion of the soil remaining suspended in the water, after
boiling, is poured into the Schöne tube, the remaining coarse part is
rinsed into the Orth tube. The clay, together with the finest sand, is
collected in a separate vessel, the water in which it is suspended is
evaporated and the residue after drying in the air is weighed. The rest
of the operation is carried out as previously described except that the
products of elutriation are not ignited but weighed air dried, in order
that they may be further examined, chemically if desired. By proceeding
in this manner the following results were obtained:
SOIL, FROM GARDEN OF THE EXPERIMENT STATION,
BOILED FORTY-FIVE MINUTES.
Separations by the Berlin-Schöne method.
Air-dried. Ignited.
Above 0.05 millimeter 72.63 71.76
0.05–0.01 millimeter 14.17 12.53
0.01 millimeter and less 12.97 9.38
Loss on ignition 6.83
————— —————
99.77 99.50
For the sake of comparing the mechanical separation attainable by this
procedure with those yielded by other methods, the air-dried products
were ignited and again weighed and examined.
By subtracting from the ignited portion above 0.05 millimeter, 49.37 per
cent, the amount of this soil that remained on a 0.25 millimeter sieve,
the fraction between 0.25 millimeter and 0.05 millimeter is found, and
the separations in this analysis may be compared with those previously
obtained by the beaker method as follows:
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