Mark we give a reduced example on p. 25; and the same may be said of Bernardinus Stagninus, 1483-1536. The Mark, also, of Bernardinus de Vitalibus, 1494-1500, is sufficiently distinct to justify a reduced example. Bartholomeus de Zanis, 1486-1500, was not only a prolific printer on his own account, but also for Scotto, to whom reference is made above. The Marks, on a greatly reduced scale of Dionysius Bertochus, 1480; of Laurentius Rubeus de Valentia, 1482; of Nicholas de Francfordia, 1473-1500; and of Peregrino de Pasqualibus, 1483-94, who was for a short time in partnership with Dionysius de Bertochus, are all interesting as more or less distinct variations of one common type (see p. 25). Of Petrus Liechtenstein, 1497-1522, who describes himself as “Coloniensis,” and whose very fine Mark in red and black forms the frontispiece to the present volume, it will be only necessary to refer to one of his books, the “Biblij Czeska,” 1506, which is the first edition for the use of the Hussites. Of this exceedingly rare edition, only about four copies are known. It is remarkable in not having been suppressed by the Church, for one example of its numerous woodcuts (which are coloured) at once betrays its character, viz., the engraving to the sixth chapter of the Apocalypse, in which the Pope appears lying in hell. As illustrative of some of the more elaborate and pictorial Marks which one finds in the books of the Venetian printers during the sixteenth century, we give a couple of very distinct examples, the first being one of the Marks of the Sessa family, whose works date from 1501 to 1588; and the second example distinguishing the books of the brothers Paulum and Antonium Meietos, who were printing books in 1570. [Illustration: OTTAVIANO SCOTTO. O S M] [Illustration: MELCHIOR SESSA. DISSIMILIVM IN FIDA SOTIETAS.] [Illustration: P. AND A. MEIETOS. NON COMEDETIS FRVGES MENDACII] [Illustration: THE FIRST ALDINE ANCHOR. ALDVS]