Problems in Greek historyMahaffy, J. P. (John Pentland)
History
Problems in Greek history
Mahaffy, J. P. (John Pentland)
Greece -- Historiography; Greece -- History
What evidence does Pausanias afford of this? As I have said, there is
not a word about a register or catalogue, but there are several notes
of old offerings and inscriptions, which show us what sort of materials
existed, at least in Pausanias' day. And there is no reason whatever to
believe that many ancient monuments or inscriptions had been injured,
unless Hippias carried out his work of falsifying them on a large scale.
There were indeed several monuments antedated by mere vulgar mistakes.
Such was the _stele_ of Chionis (vi. 13, 2), who was reported to have
won in four successive contests (Ols. 28-31), but the reference in the
inscription to _armed races as not yet introduced_, proved even to
Pausanias that the writer of it must have lived long after Chionis'
alleged period. There was again the monument of Pheidolas' children,
whose epigram Pausanias notes as conflicting (vi. 13, 10) with [Greek:
ta Êleiôn es tous Olympionikas grammata. ogdoê gar Ol. kai hexêkostê kai
ou pro tautês estin en tois Êl. grammasi hê nikê tôn Ph. paidôn]. These
[Greek: grammata]--a word apparently distinct from [Greek:
anagraphai]--are probably nothing but the treatise of Hippias, preserved
and copied at Elis. Had these [Greek: grammata] indeed been an authentic
register, inscribed at the time of each victory, is it possible that any
epigrams of later date would have been allowed to conflict with it?
Surely not. But if the register came to be concocted at a late period,
such discrepancies might be hard to avoid.
But as regards genuine early monuments, Pausanias tells us that
Corœbus had no statue at Olympia, and implies that _there was no
record of his victory save the epigram on his tomb_ at the border of
Elis and Arcadia. Then comes the case of the Spartan Eutelidas (vi. 15,
8), who conquered as a boy in the 38th Ol., the only contest ever held
for a pentathlon of boys. [Greek: esti de hê te eikôn archaia tou Eut.,
kai ta epi tô bathrô grammata amydra hypo tou chronou.] But this statue
cannot have been so old even as the 38th Ol. For in vi. 18, 7, Pausanias
tells us that the first athlete's statues set up at Olympia were those
of Praxidamas the Æginetan, who won in boxing at the 59th Ol., and that
of the Opuntian Rexibios the pancratiast, at the 61st. 'These portrait
statues are not far from the pillar of Œnomaos, and are made of wood,
Rexibios' of fig-tree, but the Æginetan's of cypress, and less decayed
than the other.' Just below this we have a mention of a treasure-house,
dedicated by the Sicyonian tyrant Myron in the 33rd Ol. In this
treasure-house was an inscribed shield, 'an offering to Zeus from the
Myones.' [Greek: ta de epi tê aspidi grammata parêktai men epi brachy,
peponthe de auto dia tou anathêmatos to archaion] (vi. 19, 5).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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