Problems of Conduct: An Introductory Survey of EthicsDrake, Durant
Philosophy
Problems of Conduct: An Introductory Survey of Ethics
Drake, Durant
Ethics
Certainly all deaths or injuries in any industry where proper
precautions have been neglected must be a criminal matter for the
employer. [Footnote: Outlook, vol. 92, p. 171; vol. 93, p. 196; vol.
99, p. 202. World's Work, vol. 22, p. 13602; vol. 23, p. 713.] We must
do entirely away with the system whereby accidents to workingmen bear
so heavily upon their families. Though it is true that they are
commonly due, in some measure, to the carelessness of the worker, his
punishment, in the loss of life or limb, is great enough; and if he
dies or is incapacitated from supporting wife and children, the burden
should fall upon the community, which is able to bear it. It should
not be necessary to bring a damage suit against the employer; that
method is slow, dubious, and expensive; the corporation, with its expert
lawyers, has too great an advantage over the helpless and sorrow-struck
poor. In some form, automatic compensation for injuries is destined
to become universal; the cost will fall upon the industry, where it
belongs, bad feeling between employer and employee will cease, the
courts will be freed from a good deal of work, and relief will follow
injury with promptness and certainty. [Footnote: H. R. Seager, Social
Insurance. Outlook, vol. 85, p. 508; vol. 92, p. 319; vol. 98, p. 49.
S. Nearing, Social Adjustment, chap. XII.] What general remedies for
industrial wrongs are feasible?
(1) The first step toward an amelioration of our crude and unjust
industrial code is to awaken the public conscience to protest against
the evils we have enumerated. Publicity, pitiless publicity, alone
can lead to redress. These large- scale, impersonal sins must not be
so nonchalantly tolerated; instead of applauding and envying the shrewd
financier who rakes in unearned profits by clever manipulation, by
unscrupulous use of inside information, and disregard of the welfare
of workers, competitors, and public, we must brand him as a selfish
scoundrel, turn him out of the church, ostracize him in society. Such
a man must not be looked upon as a successful businessman any more
than a pirate is a successful trader; success must clearly imply
obedience to the rules of the game. Taking all that one can grab without
punishment is a reversion to barbarism; the unscrupulous magnate is
morally no better than a pickpocket. And these men are, in general,
responsive to public opinion; it has effected rapid improvement in
some points in the past few years. Just so soon as the community
conscience is aroused to the point of a general condemnation of
industrial robbery, it will cease to flaunt itself so boldly, and lurk
only underground with the other furtive sins.
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