With only the series from England, the west of France, and Spain before one it would be easy to regard the successive series of tones as a fair measure of climate; the brighter the colour, the hotter might one expect the locality to be. Such rough correspondence is often to be observed in butterflies and birds. It becomes impossible to take these simple views in the light of more complete knowledge. Beginning with France the fulvous _egeria_ occupies the lower valley of the Rhone, probably from well above Lyon, though I have no exact information respecting the country above Avignon. According to Speyer it also takes the department of Lozère. The same authority says that Puy-de-Dôme has "_egeria_," meaning perhaps the intermediate form, with the fulvous form much less commonly. Next comes the curious fact that though the Lower Rhone (Avignon, Tarascon, Nîmes) has the true fulvous form, Hyères, Cannes, Grasse, Nice, Digne, and Alassio have _the intermediate_. Savoy has the intermediate (Chambéry) and even _egerides_ perhaps, though in the same latitude on the west of France there is nothing but the fulvous type. At Chalseul and Besançon (Doubs) the ordinary northern type is found. Switzerland generally, I believe, has the northern type, but Staudinger gives _egeria_ for Valais and the intermediate occurs in Vaud.[9] The south side of the Alps has probably colonies of the pale _egerides_, and of intermediates. Orta, with a very hot summer, has the English type (Tutt, _Ent. Rec._, XII, 1900, p. 328). Locarno has the intermediate (_ibid._, XV, 1903, p. 321). North Italy in general and western Piedmont have the intermediate; but further south _egeria_ begins, at what region I do not know. Speyer gives on his own authority the remarkable statement that at Florence both extremes occur, but chiefly intermediates between the two. Mr. R. Verity however kindly informs me that in his experience this is not so, and that neither the real southern type nor the northern occur there. Sardinia, Sicily, Crete all have the southern type. Greece probably has various types. Staudinger (_Hor. Ross._, VII, 1870, p. 78) says intermediates resembling Nice types common everywhere, but from "Greece" the British Museum has a series that would pass for English specimens; and the same type occurs near Constantinople. The island of Corfu has a pale intermediate, distinct from _egerides_ but approaching it. In Roumania all three forms are recorded from various places: _egeria_ in the Dobrutscha; not quite typical (presumably an intermediate) at Bukharest; intermediate in various mountainous localities as well as in Macedonia and Dalmatia; but _egerides_ in Azuga at about 3,000 feet.[10] Hungary has the true _egerides_ also. (Cf. Caradja, _Deut. Ent. Zt._, IX, p. 58.) Mathew records the same from Gallipoli (_E. M. M._, 1881, p. 95). Staudinger does not distinguish the intermediates from the northern, but he gives "_egerides_" for Armenia and Fergana (Central Asia).