The reciprocal cross was made between an _abnormal female_ and a _normal male_. In this case the offspring were abnormal in their behaviour; but the second generation bred from them showed three quarters abnormal and one quarter normal. Certain details as to numbers and sexes of the various families bred in the course of this amazing experiment are given in a subsequent publication.[15] This later paper goes somewhat fully into the question of the difference in behaviour between the normal and modified individuals, describing the ways in which the males and females possessing the acquired character could be recognised from the males and females which were normal, but in this account I find no reference to the development of the "_Brunftschwielen_"--the horny pads on the hands of the males. As these structures would be of special value in such a diagnosis the omission of any allusion to them calls for explanation. Kammerer claims the evidence as proof of Mendelian segregation in regard to an acquired character, the first example recorded. Pending a repetition of the experiments there is no more to be said. 2. _The Mode of Reproduction of Salamandra atra and maculosa._[16]--_Salamandra maculosa_, the common lowland form, with yellow bands or spots, deposits its young in water, generally as gill-bearing tadpoles, with a wide, swimming tail, though occasionally they are born still enclosed in the egg-capsule out of which they soon hatch. Spawning extends over a considerable period, often many weeks, and during the season one female may bear more than 50 young. _S. atra_, the black Alpine form, produces its young on land. They are born without gills, ready to breathe air, and with the rounded tail of the adult. These differences may, as Kammerer says, naturally be regarded as adaptations to the Alpine conditions. Moreover, the female bears _only two_ young in a season, and this reduction in the number must be taken to be a consequence or condition of viviparity. There are many eggs in the ovary, but all except the two which are destined to develop degenerate and form a yolk-material on which these two survivors feed. Kammerer gives a long account of the various conditions to which he subjected both species. The treatment was complicated in many ways, but the essential statements are, as regards _S. maculosa_, that when no water was provided in which the young might be born, they were dropped on land, larger and in a later stage of development and of a darker colour than is normal; that the larvae so born gradually diminished in number until only two were deposited in each breeding-period; that dissection showed that the other ova degenerated to form a yolk-material. The larvae so produced reached maturity. The summary of results describes their behaviour, stating that they produced: