Similar observations were made regarding forms recessive to
_multitaeniata_ Stål. Of these two were thrown by _multitaeniata_
itself, namely a form named by Stål _melanothorax_, and regarded by him
as a species, and one which Tower names _rubicunda_ n. sp. The facts
proving the recessive behaviour of their several forms will be found in
the following places in Tower's book:
_pallida_, pp. 273-278.
_melanicum_, p. 279.
_tortuosa_, p. 280.
_rubrivittata_, pp. 280-281.
_melanothorax_ and _rubicunda_, pp. 283-285.
Following this evidence of recessive nature of the six forms
enumerated, Tower describes experiments showing, as he believes, that
some of them may be caused to appear by applying special treatment
to the parents during the "growth and fertilisation" (p. 287) of the
eggs. The most striking example is that in which 4 males and 4 females
of _decemlineata_ were kept very hot (average 35° C.) and dry, and at
low atmospheric pressure (19-21 inches). The eggs laid were restored
to natural conditions. These gave 506 larvae, from which emerged 14
normal, 82 _pallida_ and 2 "_immaculothorax_," viz., without pigment
on the pronotum. The account of the rest of the experiment is somewhat
involved, but I understand that the _pallida_, of which two only
survived, behaved as normal recessives when bred to the type: also that
the parents, after having laid the eggs whose history has been given,
were restored to normal conditions and laid 319 eggs which gave 61
normals.
In another case normal parents laid 409 eggs in the hot and dry
conditions, and on restoration to normal conditions, the same parents
laid 840 eggs. Then 409 eggs gave 64 adults as follows:
_Males_ _Females_
_decemlineata_ 12 8
_pallida_ 10 13
_immaculothorax_ 2 3
_albida_ 9 7
--- ---
33 31
The 840 eggs laid in normal conditions gave 123 normal _decemlineata_.
Similar experiments were made with _multitaeniata_ and gave comparable
results, the two recessives (_melanothorax_, _rubicunda_) being produced
in large numbers when the parents were subjected to heat, but in this
case the atmosphere was kept _saturated_ with moisture, instead of dry,
as in the previous instance. The same parents transferred to normal
conditions gave normals only.
Lastly the form _undecimlineata_ was exposed "to an extreme stimulus of
high temperature, 10° C. above the average," and a dry atmosphere, with
the result that from 190 eggs there emerged 11 beetles, all of the form
_angustovittata_ Jacoby, which subsequently bred true to that type (see
p. 295).
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