This species was caught in considerable numbers by Mr. Hoffman at the headwaters of the Tuolumne River and beyond, up to elevations of 11,500 feet. It evidently stands in the same relation to _M. Anicia_ as in Europe _M. Merope_ does to _M. Artemis_. I am not certain if _M. nubigena_ is to be considered an alpine variety of _M. Anicia_ or an independent species, nor as far as I know is the question yet decided as to the right to distinction of _M. Merope_, a long-known alpine insect of Europe. Nevertheless, considering the different coloration of the antenna club, I am very much inclined to think _M. nubigena_ more than a mere alpine variety. 6. _M. Editha_, Boisd. This species is found in different localities near San Francisco and Contra Costa. Nevertheless, it is much rarer than _M. Chalcedon_ and of a more restless disposition. It makes its appearance before _M. Chalcedon_ and is one of our first vernal butterflies. About the caterpillar I have not yet succeeded in ascertaining anything. MELITÆA, Type IV. Of this type only one Californian species is yet known, but there may be perhaps some other species in the southern parts of the State, as the subtropical territory of New Mexico seems rather to abound in this type. 1. _M. Leanira_, Boisd. (In litteris.) Antennae totae fulvae. Alae supra nigrae, fasciis macularibus duabus et radicem versus maculis tribus quadrangularibus omnibus gilvescentibus instructae. Alae anticae prope marginem anticam, apicem versus et ad marginem externam mediam, e nigro rubescentes. Alae anticae subtus rubrae iisdem maculis ut supra ornatae. Fascia macularis externa extus nigro marginata. Alae posticae subtus gilvescentes nigro venosae, et nigro marginatae, radicem versus nigro signatae; supra medium fascia nigra instructae, catenam moniliformem continente punctorum gilvorum. Limbus ubique et supra et subtus nigro alboque variegatus. _M. Leanira_ is so distinct from all other _Melitæae_, that it is impossible to make any error in reference to its diagnosis. It is found in June and July in valleys of the Contra Costa hills, where I collected it myself. I received other specimens from Yosemite Valley. I have not succeeded in finding the caterpillar. I have to add a few observations regarding the geographical distribution of the genus _Melitæa_ in general and of its different types separately.