In the black-figured vase-painting in fig. 23, found at Naukratis and
now in the British Museum[463], a local nymph is depicted: only the
lower part of her figure is left us, drapery, the ends of her long hair
and her feet, but she must be the nymph Cyrene beloved of Apollo, for
close to her and probably held in her hand is a great branch of the
silphium plant. To right of her approaching to minister or to worship are
winged genii. It is the very image of θεραπεία, tendance, ministration,
fostering care, worship, all in one. The genii tend the nymph who is the
land itself, her and her products. The figures to the right are bearded:
they can scarcely be other than the spirits of the North wind, the
Boreadae, the cool healthful wind that comes over the sea to sun-burnt
Africa. If these be Boreadae, the opposing figures, beardless and
therefore almost certainly female, are Harpies, demons of the South wind,
to Africa the wind coming across the desert and bringing heat and blight
and pestilence[464].
[Illustration: FIG. 24.]
It might be bold to assert so much, but for the existence of another
vase-painting on a situla from Daphnae (fig. 24), also, happily for
comparison, in the British Museum[465]. On the one side, not figured
here, is a winged bearded figure ending in a snake, probably Boreas:
such a snake-tailed Boreas was seen by Pausanias[466] on the chest of
Cypselus in the act of seizing Oreithyia. There is nothing harsh in the
snake tail for Boreas, for the winds, as has already been noted (p.
68), were regarded as earth-born. Behind Boreas is a plant in blossom
rising from the ground, a symbol of the vegetation nourished by the North
wind. On the reverse (fig. 25) is a winged figure closely like the left
hand genii of the Cyrene cylix, and this figure drives in front of it
destructive creatures, a locust, the pest of the South, two birds of
prey attacking a hare, and a third that is obviously a vulture. The two
representations taken together justify us in regarding the left hand
genii as destructive. Taking these two representations together with a
third vase-painting, the celebrated Phineus cylix[467], we are further
justified in calling these destructive wind-demons Harpies. On this
vase[468] the Boreadae, Zetes and Kalais, show their true antagonism. The
Harpies have fouled the food of Phineus like the pestilential winds they
were, and the clean clear sons of the North wind give chase. It is seldom
that ancient art has preserved for us so clear a picture of the duality
of things.
[Illustration: FIG. 25.]
* * * * *
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account